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Cells Photosynthesis Respiration Cell Division Molecular Genetics Evolution and Classification $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 Double Jeopardy! Cells One transports ions, sugars, amino acids, and other small moleculrs while the other prevents the leakage of extracellular fluid $100 Cells What is the difference between a gap junction and a tight junction? Back $100 Cells The middle lamella, a thin layer rich in sticky polysaccharides called pectins $200 Cells What is between the primary and secondary cell wall? Back $200 Cells A direction perpendicular to the axis of the cilium. $300 Cells What is the direction of motion of cilia? Back $300 Cells The proteins made by this function within the cytosol $400 Cells What is the proteins produced by free ribosomes within the rough ER? Back $400 Cells This contains enzymes that initiate the conversion of fatty acids to sugar, which a seedling can use as a source of energy and carbon until it begins photosynthesis. $500 Cells What is a glyoxysome? Back $500 Photosynthesis Hydrocarbons that are various shades of yellow and orange because they absorb violet and blue-green light. $100 Photosynthesis What is a carotenoid? Back $100 Photosynthesis This type of plan incorporates co2 into four-carbon organic acids during the night. $200 Photosynthesis What is a CAM plant? Back $200 Photosynthesis The cyclic electron flow is used in photosystem I but not in photosystem II. $300 Photosynthesis What is the system that the cyclic electron flow occurs in? Back $300 Photosynthesis Cells arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of a leaf. $400 Photosynthesis What is a bundlesheath cell? Back $400 Photosynthesis What is produced when a C4 plant breaks malate down for it to enter the Calvin Cycle within the bundle sheath cell? $500 Photosynthesis Pyruvate is produced from this plant moving into this step Back $500 Respiration This keeps the release of energy for synthesis of ATP under control and produces ATP. $100 Respiration What is the electron transport chain’s function? Back $100 Respiration This spins within the membrane clockwise when H+ flows past it down the H+ gradient. $200 Respiration What is the rotor in chemiosmosis? Back $200 Respiration This breaks down fatty acids to two-carbon fragments, which can enter the citric acid cycle as acetyl CoA $300 Respiration What is the beta oxidation? Back $300 Respiration This compound is a small hydrophobic molecule and is the only member of the electron transport chain that is not a protein. $400 Respiration What is a ubiquinone? Back $400 Respiration This molecule provides one-third less energy for ATP synthesis when it is the donor. $500 Respiration What is the difference between FADH2 than NADH ATP production Back $500 Cell Division This is a gene’s specific location along the length of a chromosome. $100 Cell division What is the gene’s locus? Back $100 Cell division This phase is the only time that the chromosome is duplicated. $200 Cell Division What is the S phase? Back $200 Cell Division This is a radial array of short microtubules that extend from each centrosome. $300 Cell division What is an aster? Back $300 Cell division Anaphase, lasting only a few minutes. $400 Cell Division What is the shortest stage of mitosis? Back $400 Cell division Animal cells exhibit this because to divide, they must be attached to a substratum. $500 Cell Division What is the anchorage dependence and what cell exhibits it? Back $500 Molecular Genetics To breed a recessive homozygote with an organism of a dominant phenotype but unknown genotype to determine the unknown genotype. $100 Molecular Genetics What is a testscross’ goal and how do you achieve it? Back $100 Molecular Genetics When the alleles for some characters fall in the middle of the spectrum of dominance. $200 Molecular Genetics What is incomplete dominance? Back $200 Molecular Genetics An additive effect of two or more genes on a single phenotypic character. $300 Molecular Genetics What is polygenic inheritance? Back $300 Molecular Genetics This defines when a genotype is not rigidly associated with a phenotype, but can have a range of environmentally influenced phenotypes. $400 Molecular Genetics What is the norm of reaction? Back $400 Molecular Genetics This lies across the nuclear envelope and is an inactive X in each cell of a female condensed. $500 Molecular Genetics What is a Barr body? Back $500 Evolution and Classification This is when the organism is found nowhere else in the world. $100 Evolution and Classification When is an organism endemic? Back $100 Evolution And Classification Use and Disuse, the idea that parts of the body used or unused become larger, and the idea of the inheritance of acquired characteristics, that an organism could pass acquired traits to offspring. $200 Evolution And Classification What were Lamarck’s two theories on evolution? Back $200 Evolution And Classification One is an individual that has more than two chromosome sets, all derived from a single species, while the other is when a sterile hybrid propagates itself asexually for its offspring to become fertile in future generations. $300 Evolution And Classification What is the difference between an autopolyploid versus an allopolyploid? Back $300 Evolution And Classification The contribution of a genotype to the next generation compared to the contribution of alternative genotypes for the same locus. $400 Evolution And Classification What is relative fitness? Back $400 Evolution And Classification A graded change in a trait along a geographic area $500 Evolution And Classification What is a cline? Back $500 Double Jeopardy!!! Plant Systems Animal Systems Ecology Labs Biotechnology Things we Didn’t Cover $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $800 $800 $800 $800 $800 $800 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000 Final Jeopardy! Plant Systems A layer of a durable polymer that prevents exposed zygotes from drying out $200 Plant Systems What is a sporopollenin? Back $200 Plant Systems One is the gametangia for females, while the other gametangia is for males. $400 Plant Systems What is the difference between an archegonia and an antheridia? Back $400 Plant Systems These are two clades that vascular plants are further classified into. $600 Plant Systems What are the lycophytes and the pterophytes? Back $600 Plant Systems A protective cap of gametophyte tissue which is shed when the capsule is mature. $800 Plant Systems What is a calyptra? Back $800 Plant Systems One-cell thick filaments with a large surface area to enhance absorption of water and minerals that produce one or more “buds” with an apical meristem to form a gametophore. $1000 Plant Systems What are protonemata? Back $1000 Animal Systems When sensory equipment concentrates along with the central nervous system around the anterior end. $200 Animal Systems What is the process of cephalization? Back $200 Animal Systems These tripoloblastic animals have a cavity formed from the blastocoel rather than from the mesoderm. $400 Animal Systems What is the difference between a pseduocoelomate and a coelomate? Back $400 Animal Systems This development is as the protosome develops -- the solid masses of the mesoderm splits and form the coelomic cavity. $600 Animal Systems What is the schizocoelous? Back $600 Animal Systems These generally live in tropical oceans and are often equipped with highly toxic cnidocytes, such as the sea wasp. $800 Animal Systems What is a cubozoan? Back $800 Animal Systems Colonial animals that superficially resemble plants. They are encased in a hard exoskeleton with pores through which the lophosphores extend. $1000 Animal Systems What are ectoprocts? Back $1000 Ecology The interaction between two organisms of different species that live together in close contact to derive some kind of good for one/both organism/s involved. $200 Ecology What is symbiosis? Back $200 Ecology When animals exhibit bright warning coloration (with effective defense mechanisms). $400 Ecology What is aposematic coloration? Back $400 Ecology When two or more unpalatable species resemble each other $600 Ecology What is Mullerian mimicry? Back $600 Ecology This postulates that the influence moves in the opposite direction: that predations limits herbivores and controls community organization. $800 Ecology What is the top-down model? Back $800 Ecology The amount of added nutrient, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, that can be absorbed by plants without damaging ecosystem integrity. $1000 Ecology What is the critical load? Back $1000 Labs When the membrane has reached an equilibrium and liquid/solute flows in and out at equal rates. $200 Labs What is an isotopic membrane condition? Back $200 Labs Because at the onion root tip, cell division occurs the fastest. $400 Labs What is the reason for studying mitosis using onion root tips? Back $400 Labs The DPIP became clear. $600 Labs What was the change in the DPIP when photosynthesis had occurred? Back $600 Labs Light and unboiled chloroplasts. $800 Labs What type of chloroplasts in the photosynthesis lab produced the clearest DPIP? Back $800 Labs The further apart the genes are, the more crossing over will occur. $1000 Labs What is the reason for why some genes are crossed over more than others? Back $1000 Biotechnology Repetitive DNA that includes transposable elements and related squences. $200 Biotechnology What type of DNA sequences in the human genome is most prominent? Back $200 Biotechnology This moves by means of an RNA intermediate, still maintaining a “cutand-paste” mechanism. $400 Biotechnology What are retrotransposons? Back $400 Biotechnology These enzymes protect the bacterial cell against intruding DNA from other organisms by cutting foreign DNA. $600 Biotechnology What are restriction enzymes? Back $600 Biotechnology These combine the essentials of a eukaryotic chromosome with foreign DNA and clone foreign DNA as the yeast cell divides. $800 Biotechnology What are the yeast artifical chromosomes? Back $800 Biotechnology A cloning vector that contains a highly active prokaryotic promoter just upstream of a restriction site where the eukaryotic gene can be inserted to the correct reading frame. $1000 Biotechnology What is an expression vector? Back $1000 Things we didn’t cover This era, between 1 Billion and 542 Million Years Ago, contains fossils related to living cnidarians, mollusk fossils, worm tracks, and signs of some animal life. $200 Things we didn’t cover What is the Neoproterozoic Era? Back $200 Things we didn’t cover This era, occurring between 542 and 251 million years ago, included the Cambrian Explosion, the Ordovician, Silurian, and Devonian periods. This era included increased animal diversity with mass extinctions frequent. $400 Things we didn’t cover What is the Paleozoic Era? Back $400 Things we didn’t cover A brief electrical pulse applied to a solution containing cells that creates a temporary hole in their plasma membrane where DNA can enter. $600 Things we didn’t cover What is electroporation? Back $600 Things we didn’t cover This is found in most mosses. The upper part of the capsule in plants features a ring of toothlike structures. $800 Things we didn’t cover What is the peristome? Back $800 Things we didn’t cover Clusters of sporangia usually on the underside of sporophylls $1000 Things we didn’t cover What are sori? Back $1000 Final Jeopardy!!! Final Jeopardy!!! Sacs that produce sexual spores in ascomycetes Final Jeopardy!!! What are asci?