Download 100

Cell
Division
Photosynthesis
Genetics
Respiration
Cells
Evolution
And
Classification
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Molecular
Double Jeopardy!
Respiration
What is the final electron acceptor of the Electron Transport
Chain?
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Respiration
Oxygen
Back
$100
Respiration
What is the name of the process that produces ATP in glycolosis
and the citric acid cycle?
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Respiration
Substrate-level
Phosphorylation
Back
$200
Respiration
How many total ATP are
produced in cellular
respiration?
$300
Respiration
36 ATP molecules
produced
Back
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Respiration
Where does each step of
cellular respiration take
place?
$400
Respiration
Glycolysis – Cytosol
Krebs cycle – Mitochondrial
Matrix
Electron Transport ChainMitochondrial Membrane
Back
$400
Respiration
What is the chemical
equation of cellular
respiration (products
& reactants)?
$500
Respiration
C H O +6O
6CO +6H O+Energy
(ATP & HEAT)
6
2
12
6
2
2
(glucose & oxygen
Carbon dioxide & water & energy)
Back
$500
cells
What is the difference
between prokaryotic
cells and eukaryotic
cells?
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Cells
Prokaryotic – no membrane
bound organelles or true
nucleus
Eukaryotic – membrane
bound organelles &
nucleus
Back
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Cells
What function do the
ribosomes have?
$200
Cells
Protein Synthesis – site
of translation
Back
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Cells
What do selectivly
permeable
membranes select for
and select against?
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Cells
Selected for – non polar
substances (steroids)
Selected aganist – large,polar
molecules (amino acids, glucose)
Back
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Cells
How are neighboring
plants and animal
cells connected?
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Cells
Plant cells – Plasmodesmata
Animal Cells – tight junctions,
desmosomes, gap junctions
Back
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Cells
What makes up the
endomembrane
system?
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Cells
Nuclear envelope,
endoplasmic
reticulum(ER), golgi
apparatus, lysosomes,
vacuoles, & plasma
membrane
Back
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Evolution &
Classification
What is evolution?
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Evolution &
Classification
Gradual change over
time
Back
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Evolution &
Classification
What are the levels of
classification?
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Evolution &
Classification
D – Domain
K - Kingdom
P - Phylum
C - Class
O - Order
F - Family
G - Genus
S - Species
Back
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Evolution &
Classification
What is convergent and
divergent evolution?
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Evolution &
Classification
Convergent – species from different evolutionary
branches develop structures that resemble one
another
Divergent – gradual change over time from a
common ancestor
Back
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Evolution &
Classification
What were Darwin's Views?
$400
Evolution &
Classification
* Natural Selection is the mechanism of
Evolution
*Natural selection occurs through interactions
between the organism and the environment
* Natural selection produces an adaptation
Back
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Evolution &
Classification
What are the 5 requirements
for a population to be in
hardy-weinburg equilibrium?
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Evolution &
Classification
* large population
* isolated population
* no net mutations
* random mating
* no natural selection
Back
$500
Cell Division
When does crossing
over occur?
$100
Cell Division
Prophase I of meiosis
Back
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Cell division
What are the results of
mitosis and meiosis?
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Cell Division
Mitosis – 2 identical
diploid cells
Meiosis – 4 genetically
unique haploid
gametes
Back
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Cell Division
What regulates the cell
cycle?
$300
Cell Division
Various checkpoints:
Cyclin & cyclin
dependent kinase
(cdk)
Back
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Cell Division
How does meiosis
promote genetic
variation?
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Cell Division
*crossing over
*independent assortment of
chromosomes (metaphase 1)
*random fertilization
Back
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Cell Division
Why is cell division
important?
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Cell Division
*reproduction
*growth & development from
fertilized egg
*repair & replacement of damaged
cells
Back
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Photosynthesis
Where does
photosynthesis occur?
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Photosynthesis
Cholorplasts
Back
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Photosynthesis
What is the chemical
equation for
photosynthesis?
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Photosynthesis
CO + H O + Light energy
2
2
CH O
6
Back
12
6
+
O
2
+
HO
2
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Photosynthesis
How is sugar produced
during
photosynthesis?
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Photosynthesis
Calvin Cycle –
produces G3P (sugar)
Back
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Photosynthesis
How do plants get out
of ATP debt as a
result of the calvin
cycle?
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Photosynthesis
Cyclin Electron Flow –
uses photosystem 1
only
Back
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Photosynthesis
What is the difference
between C3 & C4
photosynthesis?
$500
Photosynthesis
The enzyme that does
carbon fixation differs:
C3 – rubisco
C4 - pepcarboxylase
Back
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Molecular Genetics
What is transcription
and translation?
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Molecular Genetics
Transcription – DNA to RNA
Translation- RNA to Protien
Back
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Molecular Genetics
What is the difference
between homozygous and
heterozygous individuals?
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Molecular Genetics
Homozygous – 2 copies of the
same allele ( AA or aa)
Heterozygous – 1 copy of each
allele (Aa)
Back
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Molecular Genetics
What is the difference
between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic DNA?
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Molecular Genetics
Back
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Many mistakes
Proofreading
eliminates mistakes
No introns
introns
Not in a nucleus
In a nucleus
Transcription &
translation coupled
Transcription &
translation seperate
Singular, circular
chromosomes
Several linear
chromosomes
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Molecular Genetics
What are the enzymes
involved in DNA replication?
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Molecular Genetics
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase
Primase
Helicase
Back
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Molecular Genetics
What are the
nucleotides of DNA
and RNA and what is
their composition?
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Molecular Genetics
A – 30.3%
T – 30.3 %
C – 19.9%
G – 19.5%
A=T, C=G
Back
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Double
Jeopardy!!!
Plant
Ecology Systems
Things we
Did not
cover
Biotechnology
Animal
Systems
Labs
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Final Jeopardy!
Ecology
What is ecology?
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Ecology
The study of the distribution
and abundance of organisms;
their interactions with other
organisms and the
environment
Back
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Ecology
What are the trophic
levels of an
ecosystem?
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Ecology
Primary producers
Primary Consumers
Secondary Consumers
Tertiary Consumers
Back
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Ecology
What is the difference
between a realized
niche and a
fundamental niche?
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Ecology
Realized niche – the niche a species
actually occupies in a praticular
enviornment
Fundamental niche – the niche
potentially occupied by that species
Back
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Ecology
What resources
define/set the
carrying capacity of a
praticular population?
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Ecology
*competition
*energy available
*water availability
*shelters
*soil nutrients
Back
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Ecology
What are proximate and
ultimate questions?
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Ecology
Proximate questions – what in the
immediate environment led to
the behavior; mechanistic
Ultimate questions – why did
natural selection favor this
behavior; evolutionary
signifigance
Back
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Plant Systems
What are the three
basic plant organs?
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Plant Systems
Roots
Stems
Leaves
Back
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Plant Systems
What do the stomata
allow for in the plant?
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Plant Systems
Gas exchange CO enters & O leaves
2
Back
2
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Plant Systems
What do xylem and
phloem tissues
transport?
$600
Plant Systems
Xylem tissue – transports water and
minerals from the roots up to the
shoots
Phloem tissue – transports organic
nutrients to where they are needed
from where they are made
Back
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Plant Systems
What does the mutualistic
relationship between
plant roots and fungi
provide for both?
$800
Plant Systems
Mycorrhizae:
Fungi – steady supply of sugar
from the plant
Plant – increases surface area for
water absorption and received
minerals from the soil
Back
$800
Plant Systems
What are the three
tissue systems of
plants?
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Plant Systems
Dermal – outer protrective covering
Vascular – long distance transport
between roots and shoots
Ground – tissue between vascular and
dermal
Back
$1000
Things we did not
cover
What are Detritivores?
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Things we did not
cover
Consumers that obtain their
energy by consuming dead
plants and animals; top
trophic level of an ecosystem
Back
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Things we did not
cover
What is outbreeding?
$400
Things we did not
cover
Mating with unrelated partners; creates
new allels and new allele
combinations; increases genetic
variation
Back
$400
Things we did not
cover
What are the biomes of
the world?
$600
Things we did not
cover
*tropical rain forests
*savannas
*temperate grasslands
*temperate deciduous forest
*deserts
*taigas
*tundras
*fresh water biomes
*marine biomes
Back
$600
Things we did not
cover
What is disruptive
selection?
$800
Things we did not
cover
Occurs when the environment favors
unusual or extreme traits as opposed
to common traits
Back
$800
Things we did not
cover
What are the 5 kingdoms?
$1000
Things we did not
cover
*Kingdom Monera (prokaryotes)
*Kingdom Protista (protists)
*Kingdom Fungi (Fungi)
*Kingdom Plantae (Plants)
*Kingdom Animalia (Animals)
Back
$1000
Biotechnology
What is the function of
restriction enzymes?
$200
Biotechnology
Cut up the foreign DNA to prevent
bacteria against intruding DNA
Used to cut DNA into fragments during
experiments
Back
$200
Biotechnology
What does Polymerase
Chain Reaction (PCR)
do in regards to DNA?
$400
Biotechnology
A specific target segment of DNA
can be amplified and and PCR
produces many copies of this
target segment
Back
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Biotechnology
How can DNA
technology affect our
lives?
$600
Biotechnology
*diagnosis of diseases
*medical applications
*gene therapy
*Forensic evidence
Back
$600
Biotechnology
What is a genomic
library?
$800
Biotechnology
The complete set of plasmid clones,
each carrying copies of a particular
segment from the initial genome
Back
$800
Biotechnology
What does gel
electrophoresis do?
$1000
Biotechnology
Gel is used to seperate nucleic acids or
protiens based on size, electrical
charge, and other physical
properties; seperates DNA molecules
into bands for comparision purposes
Back
$1000
Animal Systems
What is the molecular
hierarchy of animals?
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Animal Systems
*Atom
*Molecule
*Organelle
*Cell
*Tissue
*Organs & organ systems
Back
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Animal Systems
What are the tissue
types of animals?
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Animal Systems
*epithethial tissue
*connective tissue
*muscle tissue
*nervous tissue
Back
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Animal Systems
What is the difference
between and open
and closed circulatory
system?
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Animal Systems
Closed circulatory system – the blood is
confined to vessels
Open circulatory system – pumps blood
into an internal cavity called
hemocoel
Back
$600
Animal Systems
What is the order of
the digestive system?
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Animal Systems
*Mouth
*Pharynx
*Esophagus
*Stomach
*Small Intestine
*Large Intestine
Back
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Animal Systems
What is the structure of a
Neuron?
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Animal Systems
*Cell body – contains nucleus and
other organelles
*Dendrite – branched extension of cell
body and receives stimuli
*Axon – extension of cell body and
sends nerve impulses
Back
$1000
Labs
What is the difference
between an
independent and
dependent variable?
$200
Labs
independent variable – what you
manipulate in the experiement
Dependent varaible – what changes
based on the independent variable
Back
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Labs
What is the difference between the control
and experimental groups?
$400
Labs
Control group – does not contain the independent
variable, does not contain what is being tested
Experiemental group – contains the independent variable,
contains what is being tested
Back
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Labs
What is the scientific
method?
$600
Labs
Used to test a hypothesis:
1) ask a question – problem intended to be tests
2) make a hypothesis
3) test the hypothesis/ perform the experiment
4) collect data
5) form conclusion or test new hypothesis if experiment
did not work
Back
$600
Labs
What ensures good experimental
design?
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Labs
*Independent & dependent variable
*control and experimental group
*large sample size
*double blind experiment
*random sampling
*repeatable experiment
*controls
*constants
Back
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Labs
Why are constants and controls
necessary in experiements?
$1000
Labs
Ensures all groups are exposed
to the same things to place
no advantage on one group.
Back
$1000
Final
Jeopardy!!!
Final Jeopardy!!!
The father is a heterozygous
individual (Aa). The daughter
is homozygous recessive (aa).
The mothers genotype is
unknown. What is a possible
phenotype of the mother?
Final Jeopardy!!!
Aa or aa