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Transcript
Meiosis Is a form of __________________ that _______________the number of chromosomes when forming specialized ___________________________________(gametes). Meiosis involves _______ divisions of the nucleus – meiosis I and Meiosis II Starts with_________________________, and ends with______________________________. Review of Terms Haploid (n)-- Diploid (2n)-- _____________________ – Two exact copies of DNA (each single copy called a chromatid) makes up a ______________________. _____________________ – point at which the two chromatids are ____________. ________________chromosomes – chromosomes ___________in size, shape, and genetic content. Meiosis I During Prophase I… Homologous Chromosomes ________________ (pair together) This group of 2 chromosomes together is called a _________________________ (because there are 4 chromatids) _________________________ occurs Crossing – over occurs when portions on one homologous chromosome are _________________________________with the corresponding portion on one of the _________________ of the other homologous chromosome. Metaphase I Paired Homologous Chromosomes line up in the ____________________ of the cell. Anaphase I Paired Homologous Chromosomes _______________________ Daughter Cells are now _____________________________ Telophase I _________________________________ forms around each set of chromosomes __________________________ begins -division of __________________________ Left with... Between Meiosis I & II … Meiosis II – SAME AS MITOSIS Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II , Telophase II Prophase II A new spindle forms around the chromosomes ________________– are cell structures made up of both centrioles and individual microtubule fibers that are involved in _________________________________________________________________. ___________________- two cylindrical cellular structures that form at the poles of a cell during meiosis. Metaphase II Chromosomes line up in the ______________________ of the cell Anaphase II _________________________ divide Chromatids move __________________________ of the cell * Remember centromeres are what ______________________________________________to make a chromosome. Telophase II _________________________________forms around each set of chromosomes ____________________________ begins Left with... Karyotype Ordered display if an individual’s chromosomes arranged in pairs, starting with the longest. Trisomy 21 Three number 21 chromosomes, making 47 total. Causes ____________________________________________. Errors _____________________________________– a member of a chromosome pair fail to separate. _____________________________________– a fragment of a chromosome is lost. _____________________________________ – a fragment of one chromosome joins to a sister chromatid. _______________________________ _____– a fragment reattaches to the original chromosome, but in the reverse direction. _______________________ _____________– a fragment attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome.