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Test Date: _________________________ BILL Standards Unit 2 Cells! Textbook Chapters: 7.1, 7.2, 20.1, & 20.2 Write the questions and answer them in your BILL book Vocabulary:(10) Cell Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Infer Virus Capsid Bacteriophage Lytic infection (cycle) Lysogenic infection (cycle) Replicate Characteristics of Life (2) 1. Describe characteristics all living things have in common 2. List the following levels of organization in order from simplest to most complex (molecule, cell, atom, organelle, organism, organ, tissue, organ system) Viruses (4) 1. Describe why viruses are not considered living things and how they are structurally different from cells 2. Compare the structures of viruses to cells 3. Describe viral reproduction 4. Describe the role of viruses in causing diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and influenza Cell Structure (4) 1. 2. 3. 4. List the parts of the cell theory Describe major features that distinguish prokaryotic from eukaryotic cells describe major features that distinguish plant and animal cells Describe or recognize the appearance or structure of cell organelles and describe important functions of each: o Ribosomes, cytoplasm, cell membrane, chromosomes, cell wall, eukaryotic nucleus, nucleolus, lysosomes, vacuoles, cytoskeleton, centrioles, cilia, flagella, Golgi apparatus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum o Demonstrate this by filling in the following chart for each organelle Name of organelle Function Drawing of structure Found in… (plant, animal, bacteria) Microscope Skills (4) 1. Explain how to calculate total magnification 2. Describe which focusing knobs (coarse and fine) should be used with each of the objective lenses. Why? 3. Cynthia is using a microscope and needs to center the specimen in the field of view, as seen on the right. Describe how Cynthia should move the stage in order to center the specimen 4. Use the diagram below to answer the following: What is the approximate length of each cell in micrometers? Specialized Cells (3) 1. Sketch an example of each of the following cells: o Plant cells Roots Stems Leaves o Animal cells Blood Muscle Epithelium Nervous 2. How can you distinguish between the following cell types: nervous, epithelial, muscle, and blood 3. Give 3 examples of particular specialized cells, and explain how these cells are modified and how their structure relates to each cell’s function in an organism