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Biology Warm-Up May 29, 2008
Find the answers to 1-4 on pages 787-791
1. What makes up the CNS?
2. What purpose does the CNS serve?
3. What are the two part of the peripheral
nervous system? What does each do?
4. What is a knee-jerk reflex (it is also called
a reflex arc)? What do you think the purpose
of a knee-jerk reflex is? Draw figure 35-10
as part of your notes.
5. What is the job of antibodies? What is the
job of phagocytes?
6. How do vaccines work?
Test X review
Draw and label two axons showing the following parts.
Axon, axon terminal, myelin sheath, node, dendrite, cell body, nucleus, synapse, synaptic
gap
Draw and label a synapse showing the following parts.
Pre-synaptic neuron, dendrite, post-synaptic neuron, axon terminal, positive ion,
neurotransmitter, receptor site, direction of impulse, direction of ion flow
Label the skeleton as pictured in your book on page 810.
Label the muscle diagram I gave you.
Label a reflex arc like the one I gave you.
Be able to answer the following questions.
When a nerve cell is stimulated it creates an _____ _____ which causes an _____ to
travel from the point of stimulation through _______ neurons to the brain through
______ neurons and then through _______ neurons to the _______ which in tern cause
movement. When you get poked or burned unexpectedly the ____ is bypassed and the
impulse goes directly to the ______ _____ and the back to the muscle. This is called a
______ _____ and can help prevent serious ______.
When a nerve cell or _____ is at rest the inside of the cell has a _____ charge and the
outside has a _____ charge. When an impulse travels down the neuron the charge
changes to _____ on the inside and ____ on the outside. This happens because ____ ions
come into the cell and ___ ions go out of the cell but in less numbers. This flow of
positive ____ triggers ______ _____ _____ further down the neuron to open allowing
more ____ ions in and ____ ions out. This is an example of _______ diffusion and
requires no ______ from the cell. After the impulse travels down the nerve cell ____
____ remove ____ ions from the cell and return _____ into the cell. This is an example of
_____ transport and requires _____ that is obtained from breaking a ______ group off of
a molecule of ATP.
After an impulse travels down a neuron it has to cross the ____ ____ to get to the next
neuron. It does this releasing _________ that cross the gap and fit into _______ sites on
the adjacent ______. This enables positive ______ to move across the gap into the next
neuron and the _____ continues down the next nerve cell.
The core of muscle tissue is made of two proteins called ____ and ____ . They slide over
each other when a muscle ______ and go back when it relaxes. Muscles usually come in
_____ and one ______ while the other _____. This allows you to push and _____.
Bone is made of four layers. First there is an outer membrane called the _____ and then
the first layer called ______ bone then ______bone and finally the bone ______. Small
groves called ______ canals allow nerve and blood _____ to get into the bone. Cells
called ______ help with bone growth and maintinance. Bone starts out as ______ and the
______ bring calcium and other minerals to turn it into bone. In order for bones to grow
there is a ______plate made of ______ that actually does the “growing” until ______
come and deliver the needed minerals to turn it into bone. Injuring the ______ plate can
cause your bones to _____ grow properly. The CNS consists of the _____ and _____
______. The PNS has two part the ______system and the _______ system. The first is
_______ , you control it and the second is _______ meaning you don’t control it.