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QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. CELL NOTES QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. I. Intro to cells A. Discovery of the cell 1. We could not have discovered the cell without the invention of the __________________________ in the 17th century 2. Robert ____________ (1635-1703) used a microscope to examine cork, trees carrots, and ferns. He compared them to rooms monks live in: cells. 3. Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first to observe __________ cells. 4. The Cell Theory has three parts: a. All _____________ things are composed of one or more cells b. Cells are the basic unit of _______________ and ____________ of all living organisms c. Cells come from other _______ B. Cell Diversity 1. Size & Shape a. a __________ cell can extend all the ways down a giraffe’s leg. b. Most cells are not visible without a ___________________ c. cells have a variety of shapes d. Nerve cells have long extensions, skin cells are ________, and white blood cells can ____________ their shape 2. Internal Organization a. Cells contain ___________ that can be compared to our organs. b. _____ cells have a cell membrane and genetic information called _______ (compacted called chromosomes) C. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic a. Prokaryotic cells: have a ________________ and DNA, but no ______________ or ________________. EXAMPLE: Bacteria b. Eukaryotic cells: have a _______________, DNA, and ____________________. EXAMPLE: plant and animal cells. II. Organelles of Eukaryotes (plants & animals) A. ______ ________________: surrounds and protects the cell and selectively allows nutrients in and waste out (present in prokaryotes also) B. ___________: stores hereditary information called DNA. C. ___________: transfers energy from organic compounds to ATP (energy) D. ___________: organize the synthesis of proteins E. ___________ ______________: prepares proteins for export F. ___________ _____________ : processes and packages substances produced by the cell G. ___________: digests molecules, old organelles, and foreign substances H. ___________: short hair-like structures on the outside of the cell present in large numbers that assist in movement. Example: in respiratory system to keep out foreign particles I. ___________: long hair-like structures that whip back and forth to propel the cell forward. Example: sperm cell II. Organelles of plant cells only J. _____ ______: supports and protects plant cells only K. ___________: use energy from the sun and convert it into energy for the cell. Only found in plant cells. L. ___________: store enzymes and metabolic waste