Download Biology semester 1 study guide

Biology semester 1 study guide
Semester 1 is coming to an end, so that means final exams are fast
approaching. Therefore, I have decided to put together a study
guide to help review (not study)!! 
1.
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4.
Understand how the cell membrane functions. (see diffusion lab).
What are enzymes?
Understand what regulates enzymes?
Explain the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? With examples (i.e.
humans, bacteria, fungi, etc.)
5. What are the functions of the cell organelles? For example, the cell wall does…?
6. Understand the reactants and products of photosynthesis.
7. What are the reactions that take place during photosynthesis? And where are they
located at (chloroplast or stroma)
8. What are the reactions that take place during cellular respiration?
9. Where do they (from #8) take place in the cell?
10. How are lipids made? (macromolecules)
11. How are proteins made?
12. Understand meiosis (i.e. how many cells you start and finish with, what kind of
cells, etc.)
13. Understand mitosis (i.e. how many cells you start and finish with, what kind of
cells, etc.)
14. What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis? (i.e. stages: prophase,
metaphase, etc.)
15. How many chromosomes do we have (total)?
16. Understand DNA replication, transcription, translation.
17. Understand the structure of DNA and RNA and their differences.
18. Understand base pairing for both DNA and RNA (i.e. A=T, C=G, etc.)
19. What is a mutation?
20. Understand the different types of mutations (insertion, deletion, etc.)
21. Understand the result of mutation.
22. What is dehydration synthesis?
23. What is the purpose of a Punnett square?
24. Understand what homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive.
25. Understand ratios of Punnett squares.
26. Understand genotype versus phenotype.
27. Who determines the gender (male or female) in humans?
28. What is the central dogma of humans?
29. Understand the structure of amino acids.
30. Know the following terms: heterotrphs, autotroph, chemosynthesis, photosynthesis.
31. Know how to read an amino acid chart.
32. What semi-permeable? And how does it relate to cells?
33. What part of the body would have the most amount of mitochondria?