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Transcript
CELL-A-BRATE LIFE Problem: What do animal and plant cells look like INTRODUCTION We have been studying life and found that a major characteristic of life is that all living things are composed of cells. Cells are the basic building blocks of all life as we know it. Thanks to the invention of the microscope, Robert Hooke in the late 1600's was the first to named the tiny compartments of cork tree, cells. Just like we have organs that perform certain tasks, cells have tiny organs called organelles (small organs). These organelles allow the cell to carry out tasks the cells need to survive. We will be looking at the two basic types of cells in multicellular organisms, plant and animal cells. Plant cells have several features that animal cells do not have. The plant cells have a rigid cell wall and have tiny green sacs called chloroplasts. PROCEDURES: PART I. ONION SKIN CELLS A. Draw what you think a plant cell should look like. Label any organelle that you know about. Q 1.What is a cell? B. Get a thin sliver of onion skin cells. Remember "TO BEND AND SNAP" The sliver should be VERY thin. C. Now take a drop of the ONION STAIN and add it to your onion slide. Carefully lower the cover slip at a 45 degree angle. WAIT 2-3 MINUTES TO ALLOW THE STAIN TO BE ABSORBED MAKE A ACCURATE CAREFUL SKETCH OF ONE ONION CELL UNDER HIGH POWER. COLOR AND LABEL ALL ORGANELLES YOU CAN RECOGNIZE. Q2. What are the small rectangular boxes called ? Q3. The large brown dot inside the cell is what? Q4 . What is the rigid outer covering of the plant cell called? PART II. Green Plant Cell A. Get a SMALL piece of the water plant B. Make a wet mount slide of the piece of plant NO STAIN NEEDED Remember to start on low and bring the stage all the way up first using the coarse knob NEATLY DRAW AND COLOR ONE Cell under Low Med High Label the Nucleus Cell Wall Chloroplasts (High power only) You might want to look at page 90/91 in the book for help Q5. How is this plant cell different than the onion cell? Q6. What does this cell have in common with the onion cell? Q7 What general shape are both plant cells? Q8 What are the little green circles in the water plant called? PART III. ANIMAL CELL Draw what you think the animal (cheek) cell should look like. Label any organelle A. Take a tooth pick and gently scrape the inside of your mouth B. Rub the tooth pick on the slide and add a drop of stain. Drop the cover slip on top WAIT 2-3 MINUTES TO ALLOW THE STAIN TO BE ABSORBED NEATLY DRAW ONE CELL UNDER HIGH POWER Label: Nucleus Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Give two similarities/differences between your Pre Look Cell and Actual Cell Q9 What is the shape of these animal cells? Q10 What is the approximate size of a cell? Q11 Give a difference between the animal cell and the plant cells Q12 Give an organelle that both the animal cell and plant cell have in common CELL-A-BRATE DATA SHEET NAME__________________________ PER_______ PROBLEM:_____________________________________________________________ PART I ONION CELL PRE LOOK CELL /LABELS ACTUAL CELL/LABEL Q1 ____________________________________________________________ SIMILARITIES DIFFERENCES _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ Q2 ____________________________________________________________ Q3 ____________________________________________________________ Q4 ____________________________________________________________ PART II. PLANT LEAF One Cell Low One Cell Med One Cell High Labeled / Colored Q5 ____________________________________________________________ Q6 ____________________________________________________________ Q7 ____________________________________________________________ PART III.ANIMAL CELLS PRE LOOK CELL LABELS SIMILARITIES ACTUAL CELL LABEL/COLORED DIFFERENCES _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ Q8 ____________________________________________________________ Q9 ____________________________________________________________ Q10 ___________________________________________________________ Q11 ___________________________________________________________ Q12 ___________________________________________________________ CONCLUSION What are cells . Give the two basic types of cells. Give two similarities between plant and animal cells Give two differences between animal and plant cells _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________
