Physical Properties - Winthrop University
... R-H+ + R-O- --> R + R-OH We would call this General Acid Catalysis • For an enzyme catalyzed reaction in which the enzyme abstracts a proton from a substrate, the protein is acting like a base R-H+ + R-OH --> R + R-OWe would call this General Base Catalysis ...
... R-H+ + R-O- --> R + R-OH We would call this General Acid Catalysis • For an enzyme catalyzed reaction in which the enzyme abstracts a proton from a substrate, the protein is acting like a base R-H+ + R-OH --> R + R-OWe would call this General Base Catalysis ...
Cellular Respiration
... Electron Transport The electron transport chain uses the high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP. ...
... Electron Transport The electron transport chain uses the high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP. ...
Lecture 26 - Glycolysis 2
... In addition to functioning as intermediates in the gluconeogenic pathway (production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources), many of the glycolytic metabolites provide carbon skeletons for amino acid synthesis, the pentose phosphate pathway (ribose5-P), and triacylglyceride synthesis (glycerol). ...
... In addition to functioning as intermediates in the gluconeogenic pathway (production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources), many of the glycolytic metabolites provide carbon skeletons for amino acid synthesis, the pentose phosphate pathway (ribose5-P), and triacylglyceride synthesis (glycerol). ...
Energy Continuum/The Recovery Process (b) Explain the term
... 8 only produces limited amount of ATP / 2 ATP Aerobic system 9 this system does not produce fatiguing by-products / carbon dioxide and water 10 this system can also breakdown fat 11 fat yields far more ATP per gram 12 the body has large stores of fat 13 this system can completely breakdown carbohydr ...
... 8 only produces limited amount of ATP / 2 ATP Aerobic system 9 this system does not produce fatiguing by-products / carbon dioxide and water 10 this system can also breakdown fat 11 fat yields far more ATP per gram 12 the body has large stores of fat 13 this system can completely breakdown carbohydr ...
cellular respiration
... • It begins catabolism by breaking glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. ...
... • It begins catabolism by breaking glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. ...
1. Identify the structural formula. Use these choices - burgess
... others, then write a name for the group. Use these choices: ...
... others, then write a name for the group. Use these choices: ...
Unit 4 Cellular Energetics Chp 9 Respiration Notes
... In eukaryotic cells, the inner membrane of the mitochondrion is the site of electron transport and chemiosmosis, the processes that together constitute oxidative phosphorylation. o In prokaryotes, these processes take place in the plasma membrane. ...
... In eukaryotic cells, the inner membrane of the mitochondrion is the site of electron transport and chemiosmosis, the processes that together constitute oxidative phosphorylation. o In prokaryotes, these processes take place in the plasma membrane. ...
Macromolecules Vocabulary and Concepts
... o Ring form of glucose comes in two forms: alpha and beta glucose o Starch: polymer of alpha glucose, energy storage in plants, digested by animals o Glycogen: polymer of alpha glucose, energy storage in animals o Cellulose: polymer of beta glucose, structural component of plants, not digested by an ...
... o Ring form of glucose comes in two forms: alpha and beta glucose o Starch: polymer of alpha glucose, energy storage in plants, digested by animals o Glycogen: polymer of alpha glucose, energy storage in animals o Cellulose: polymer of beta glucose, structural component of plants, not digested by an ...
Cellular Respiration (Making ATP from food)
... Phytosynthesis is done by autotrophs to convert solar energy into chemical energy. Cellular respiration is the process of converting chemical energy to ATP. C6H12O6 + 6O2 ATP + 6 CO2 + 6 H2O At first glance it may appear as if phytosynthesis and cellular respiration are the reverse process But the ...
... Phytosynthesis is done by autotrophs to convert solar energy into chemical energy. Cellular respiration is the process of converting chemical energy to ATP. C6H12O6 + 6O2 ATP + 6 CO2 + 6 H2O At first glance it may appear as if phytosynthesis and cellular respiration are the reverse process But the ...
Product Data Sheet - Max Muscle Sports Nutrition
... energy-carrying molecule found in every living cell. ATP delivers energy to places within the cell where energy-consuming activities are taking place. Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) is unique in functioning as both a water soluble and fat soluble antioxidant and is referred to as the “Universal Antioxidant ...
... energy-carrying molecule found in every living cell. ATP delivers energy to places within the cell where energy-consuming activities are taking place. Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) is unique in functioning as both a water soluble and fat soluble antioxidant and is referred to as the “Universal Antioxidant ...
sample mt exam - Ltcconline.net
... c. the fact that some energy is destroyed in any energy conversion d. the fact that energy transformations are never 100% efficient e. both b and d 24. (1 pt) Diffusion does not require the cell to expend ATP. Therefore, diffusion is considered a type of a. exocytosis b. phagocytosis c. passive tran ...
... c. the fact that some energy is destroyed in any energy conversion d. the fact that energy transformations are never 100% efficient e. both b and d 24. (1 pt) Diffusion does not require the cell to expend ATP. Therefore, diffusion is considered a type of a. exocytosis b. phagocytosis c. passive tran ...
Where is the energy transfer?
... a.Has an increased chemical reactivity; it is primed to do cellular work b.Has a decreased chemical reactivity; it is less likely to provide energy for cellular work c.Has been oxidized as a result of a redox reaction involving the gain of inorganic phosphate d.Has been reduced as a result of a redo ...
... a.Has an increased chemical reactivity; it is primed to do cellular work b.Has a decreased chemical reactivity; it is less likely to provide energy for cellular work c.Has been oxidized as a result of a redox reaction involving the gain of inorganic phosphate d.Has been reduced as a result of a redo ...
Science of running
... • Increase stroke volume – amount of blood that can be pushed from the heart • Increase the amount of oxygen in the blood (Iron) • Increase the amount of capillaries that move the blood to the muscles ...
... • Increase stroke volume – amount of blood that can be pushed from the heart • Increase the amount of oxygen in the blood (Iron) • Increase the amount of capillaries that move the blood to the muscles ...
biology 2402
... Substrate-Level Phosphorylation - ATP is generated when a highenergy phosphate group is transferred directly from an intermediate phosphorylated metabolic compound to ADP. Occurs in the cytosol (Occurs twice in glycolysis) ...
... Substrate-Level Phosphorylation - ATP is generated when a highenergy phosphate group is transferred directly from an intermediate phosphorylated metabolic compound to ADP. Occurs in the cytosol (Occurs twice in glycolysis) ...
PROTEIN TURNOVER AND NITROGEN ECONOMY - U
... - glutamate dehydrogenase; one direction reaction involves addition of nitrogen to alphaketoglutarate as ammonia (non-hepatic tissues, remove harmful ammonia from these tissues) - glutamate non transported across plasma membrane, but glutamine easily leaves cells - glutamine formed through additio ...
... - glutamate dehydrogenase; one direction reaction involves addition of nitrogen to alphaketoglutarate as ammonia (non-hepatic tissues, remove harmful ammonia from these tissues) - glutamate non transported across plasma membrane, but glutamine easily leaves cells - glutamine formed through additio ...
Respiratory Case Summary
... several tropical and subtropical plant species belonging to the genus Lonchocarpus or Derris. It is a selective, non-specific insecticide, used in home gardens for insect control, for lice and tick control on pets, and for fish eradications as part of water body management. Both a contact and stomac ...
... several tropical and subtropical plant species belonging to the genus Lonchocarpus or Derris. It is a selective, non-specific insecticide, used in home gardens for insect control, for lice and tick control on pets, and for fish eradications as part of water body management. Both a contact and stomac ...
Chapter 2 – Chemical Composition of the Body
... • Molecules that are formed by polar covalent bonds have a tendency to break apart when the electron from the hydrogen is transferred to the more electronegative atom. This is called dissociation or ionization. • Water ionizes to form equal amounts of hydroxyl (OH-) and hydrogen (hydronium, H+) io ...
... • Molecules that are formed by polar covalent bonds have a tendency to break apart when the electron from the hydrogen is transferred to the more electronegative atom. This is called dissociation or ionization. • Water ionizes to form equal amounts of hydroxyl (OH-) and hydrogen (hydronium, H+) io ...
Lecture 3
... An enzyme consists of a chain of A. Carbohydrates B. Amino acids C. nucleotides Because proteins act as enzymes (=catalysts) and proteins are made of amino acids ...
... An enzyme consists of a chain of A. Carbohydrates B. Amino acids C. nucleotides Because proteins act as enzymes (=catalysts) and proteins are made of amino acids ...
Module 3 Exam Review 1. Organic chemistry is the study of which
... acids joined together by peptide bonds is the ____ structure. 41. The simplest amino acid is glycine because it only has a _____ as its side chain. 42. Hydrogen bonds form the ______________ structure of proteins. 43. A protein that has been denatured is said to have lost its __________. 44. What le ...
... acids joined together by peptide bonds is the ____ structure. 41. The simplest amino acid is glycine because it only has a _____ as its side chain. 42. Hydrogen bonds form the ______________ structure of proteins. 43. A protein that has been denatured is said to have lost its __________. 44. What le ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.