Temporal coding in the gustatory system
... the functionality of temporal coding, and thus its relevance to neural processing of sensory stimuli. In this context, the taste system is an attractive model for the study of temporal coding because there are relatively few categories of similar tasting stimuli, called the ‘‘basic’’ taste qualities ...
... the functionality of temporal coding, and thus its relevance to neural processing of sensory stimuli. In this context, the taste system is an attractive model for the study of temporal coding because there are relatively few categories of similar tasting stimuli, called the ‘‘basic’’ taste qualities ...
Alpha-beta and Gamma Rhythms Subserve Feedback and
... these averages in the 4-20 Hz range, most alpha-beta peaks were well approximated by a single Gaussian and the resulting peak frequencies extended from 7 to 19 Hz (Figure S1A, B; mean±SD = 11.02±2.45 Hz). Likewise, when Gaussians were fitted to the GC averages in the 30-100 Hz range, the resulting g ...
... these averages in the 4-20 Hz range, most alpha-beta peaks were well approximated by a single Gaussian and the resulting peak frequencies extended from 7 to 19 Hz (Figure S1A, B; mean±SD = 11.02±2.45 Hz). Likewise, when Gaussians were fitted to the GC averages in the 30-100 Hz range, the resulting g ...
Measurement of Corpus Callosum in Sudanese Population Using MRI
... In general, the left hemisphere of the brain is responsible for language and speech and is called the "dominant" hemisphere. The right hemisphere plays a large part in interpreting visual information and spatial processing. In about one third of individuals who are left-handed, speech function may b ...
... In general, the left hemisphere of the brain is responsible for language and speech and is called the "dominant" hemisphere. The right hemisphere plays a large part in interpreting visual information and spatial processing. In about one third of individuals who are left-handed, speech function may b ...
Scrambling and Processing: Dependencies
... using all available current information (Rayner and Sereno, 1994). In an eye movement recording setting, if the Scrambling Complexity hypothesis is correct, subjects will fixate for a longer time on the scrambled phrase; their gaze duration (the sum of all fixations landing on the scrambled phrase b ...
... using all available current information (Rayner and Sereno, 1994). In an eye movement recording setting, if the Scrambling Complexity hypothesis is correct, subjects will fixate for a longer time on the scrambled phrase; their gaze duration (the sum of all fixations landing on the scrambled phrase b ...
Words in the brain`s language
... Abstract: If the cortex is an associative memory, strongly connected cell assemblies will form when neurons in different cortical areas are frequently active at the same time. The cortical distributions of these assemblies must be a consequence of where in the cortex correlated neuronal activity occ ...
... Abstract: If the cortex is an associative memory, strongly connected cell assemblies will form when neurons in different cortical areas are frequently active at the same time. The cortical distributions of these assemblies must be a consequence of where in the cortex correlated neuronal activity occ ...
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... The location of these sites in the precentral gyrus is shown in Figure 7. A similar cluster of ten hand-to-mouth sites was found in monkey 2. In all cases, the movement appeared to be natural and coordinated. We never evoked a hand-to-mouth posture in which the hand faced away from the mouth, in whi ...
... The location of these sites in the precentral gyrus is shown in Figure 7. A similar cluster of ten hand-to-mouth sites was found in monkey 2. In all cases, the movement appeared to be natural and coordinated. We never evoked a hand-to-mouth posture in which the hand faced away from the mouth, in whi ...
Seminar Chronic disorders of consciousness
... or chronic and irreversible. Diffuse lesions of the thalami, cortical neurons, or the white-matter tracts that connect them cause the vegetative state, which is wakefulness without awareness. Functional imaging with PET and functional MRI shows activation of primary cortical areas with stimulation, b ...
... or chronic and irreversible. Diffuse lesions of the thalami, cortical neurons, or the white-matter tracts that connect them cause the vegetative state, which is wakefulness without awareness. Functional imaging with PET and functional MRI shows activation of primary cortical areas with stimulation, b ...
amygdala projections to central amygdaloid nucleus subdivisions
... amygdala (CeN) is most known for its role in responses to fear stimuli. Recent evidence also shows that the CeN is required for directing attention and behaviors when the salience of competing stimuli is in flux. To examine how information flows through this key output region of the primate amygdala ...
... amygdala (CeN) is most known for its role in responses to fear stimuli. Recent evidence also shows that the CeN is required for directing attention and behaviors when the salience of competing stimuli is in flux. To examine how information flows through this key output region of the primate amygdala ...
The Neuroscientist
... 1976) have been trained to respond to the pitch of missing fundamental sounds, demonstrating that this phenomenon is not unique to human listeners. The temporal and spectral explanations of the acoustics of pitch have led to two theories of how the auditory system might encode pitch cues as neural s ...
... 1976) have been trained to respond to the pitch of missing fundamental sounds, demonstrating that this phenomenon is not unique to human listeners. The temporal and spectral explanations of the acoustics of pitch have led to two theories of how the auditory system might encode pitch cues as neural s ...
The birth, death and resurrection of avoidance: a
... between avoidance behavior and other observable phenomena thought to indicate conditioned fear. Mowrer's two-factor theory was doomed to controversy by the use of a subjective state (fear) to explain learned changes in animal behavior. Because the relationship between a conscious feeling and a behav ...
... between avoidance behavior and other observable phenomena thought to indicate conditioned fear. Mowrer's two-factor theory was doomed to controversy by the use of a subjective state (fear) to explain learned changes in animal behavior. Because the relationship between a conscious feeling and a behav ...
The birth, death and resurrection of avoidance
... between avoidance behavior and other observable phenomena thought to indicate conditioned fear. Mowrer's two-factor theory was doomed to controversy by the use of a subjective state (fear) to explain learned changes in animal behavior. Because the relationship between a conscious feeling and a behav ...
... between avoidance behavior and other observable phenomena thought to indicate conditioned fear. Mowrer's two-factor theory was doomed to controversy by the use of a subjective state (fear) to explain learned changes in animal behavior. Because the relationship between a conscious feeling and a behav ...
Spatiotemporal Profiles of Proprioception Processed by
... Muscle spindles in the jaw-closing muscles, which are innervated by trigeminal mesencephalic neurons (MesV neurons), control the strength of occlusion and the position of the mandible. The mechanisms underlying cortical processing of proprioceptive information are critical to understanding how senso ...
... Muscle spindles in the jaw-closing muscles, which are innervated by trigeminal mesencephalic neurons (MesV neurons), control the strength of occlusion and the position of the mandible. The mechanisms underlying cortical processing of proprioceptive information are critical to understanding how senso ...
PMAPh_Kirke_AISB_final6
... In non-simulated systems the PMAP data would be a stream of pulses. In fact in the first example below, a pulse-based data stream (MIDI) is used directly. However in performing the analysis on PMAP for simulation, it is convenient to utilize a parametric form to represent the data stream form. The p ...
... In non-simulated systems the PMAP data would be a stream of pulses. In fact in the first example below, a pulse-based data stream (MIDI) is used directly. However in performing the analysis on PMAP for simulation, it is convenient to utilize a parametric form to represent the data stream form. The p ...
Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Autism Spectrum
... means to explore the neurophysiological underpinnings of the disorder. Early neuroimaging studies employed positron emission topography (PET) to examine metabolic changes (8), electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography to observe functional fluctuations in brain activity (9–11), and magnetic ...
... means to explore the neurophysiological underpinnings of the disorder. Early neuroimaging studies employed positron emission topography (PET) to examine metabolic changes (8), electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography to observe functional fluctuations in brain activity (9–11), and magnetic ...
The cortical visual area V6: brain location and visual topography
... hemi®eld is represented in V6. Both the central part of the visual ®eld and the periphery, up to ~ 80 ° of eccentricity, are well represented. There is a prevailing representation of the lower visual ®eld with respect to the upper one. The reasons for the under-representation of the upper visual ®el ...
... hemi®eld is represented in V6. Both the central part of the visual ®eld and the periphery, up to ~ 80 ° of eccentricity, are well represented. There is a prevailing representation of the lower visual ®eld with respect to the upper one. The reasons for the under-representation of the upper visual ®el ...
Eye fields in the frontal lobes of primates
... Hitzig needed to stimulate the brain directly. In collaboration with Fritsch, he performed these experiments on dogs. In 1870 they established that neocortical stimulation elicited movement of the extremities, but they failed to produce eye movements w68,307x. ...
... Hitzig needed to stimulate the brain directly. In collaboration with Fritsch, he performed these experiments on dogs. In 1870 they established that neocortical stimulation elicited movement of the extremities, but they failed to produce eye movements w68,307x. ...
Reward-Related Responses in the Human Striatum
... striatum receives extensive projections from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, as well as other surrounding frontal regions (e.g., premotor cortex, frontal eye fields5,8 ). The ventral striatum consists primarily of the nucleus accumbens (although portions of the putamen and ventral caudate are also c ...
... striatum receives extensive projections from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, as well as other surrounding frontal regions (e.g., premotor cortex, frontal eye fields5,8 ). The ventral striatum consists primarily of the nucleus accumbens (although portions of the putamen and ventral caudate are also c ...
Kaczkurkin_umn_0130E_14221
... A third process by which resistance to extinction could occur was proposed by Eysenck (1976), who suggested the “incubation of fear” theory. According to this account, the CR creates an internal state of fear that functions as the US, thereby impeding extinction. Specifically, Eysenck suggests that ...
... A third process by which resistance to extinction could occur was proposed by Eysenck (1976), who suggested the “incubation of fear” theory. According to this account, the CR creates an internal state of fear that functions as the US, thereby impeding extinction. Specifically, Eysenck suggests that ...
Mareckova, Klara (2013) Sex differences and the role of sex
... that fusiform face area (FFA), brain region located in the fusiform gyrus of the temporal lobe, responds more to faces than other objects. Lesions in this area are characteristic for people with prosopagnosia, the “face-blindness” disease (Barton et al., 2002; Farah, 1990). Further research describ ...
... that fusiform face area (FFA), brain region located in the fusiform gyrus of the temporal lobe, responds more to faces than other objects. Lesions in this area are characteristic for people with prosopagnosia, the “face-blindness” disease (Barton et al., 2002; Farah, 1990). Further research describ ...
Limbic systems for emotion and for memory, but no
... cortex, including taste, positive touch and pain, face expression, face beauty, and auditory consonance/dissonance. In neuroeconomics, these are termed ‘outcome value’ representations (Rolls, 2014). Further evidence for value representations is that orbitofrontal cortex activations in humans to thes ...
... cortex, including taste, positive touch and pain, face expression, face beauty, and auditory consonance/dissonance. In neuroeconomics, these are termed ‘outcome value’ representations (Rolls, 2014). Further evidence for value representations is that orbitofrontal cortex activations in humans to thes ...
Alterations to multisensory and unisensory integration by stimulus
... orient toward biologically relevant events. The superior colliculus (SC) plays a key role in this task by translating sensory signals into the motor commands required for orienting the eyes, ears, and head toward salient visual, auditory, and tactile stimuli as well as to their various cross-modal c ...
... orient toward biologically relevant events. The superior colliculus (SC) plays a key role in this task by translating sensory signals into the motor commands required for orienting the eyes, ears, and head toward salient visual, auditory, and tactile stimuli as well as to their various cross-modal c ...
[PDF]
... was initially observed in task-based neuroimaging studies [5–10] that documented reduced activity across DMN regions during task conditions relative to a resting baseline. Given the nature of the fMRI signal and the potential sources of error, initial concerns arose that these deactivations were spu ...
... was initially observed in task-based neuroimaging studies [5–10] that documented reduced activity across DMN regions during task conditions relative to a resting baseline. Given the nature of the fMRI signal and the potential sources of error, initial concerns arose that these deactivations were spu ...
A thalamic reticular networking model of consciousness
... [Background]: It is reasonable to consider the thalamus a primary candidate for the location of consciousness, given that the thalamus has been referred to as the gateway of nearly all sensory inputs to the corresponding cortical areas. Interestingly, in an early stage of brain development, communic ...
... [Background]: It is reasonable to consider the thalamus a primary candidate for the location of consciousness, given that the thalamus has been referred to as the gateway of nearly all sensory inputs to the corresponding cortical areas. Interestingly, in an early stage of brain development, communic ...
Magnitude of the Object Recognition Deficit
... presence of these very high or very low scores led to increased variance and so increased the likelihood of null results in an experimental design that required multiple individual comparisons across different conditions. While the profile of results for D2 mirrored those for D1, they are not report ...
... presence of these very high or very low scores led to increased variance and so increased the likelihood of null results in an experimental design that required multiple individual comparisons across different conditions. While the profile of results for D2 mirrored those for D1, they are not report ...