PPT
... • LFP pools signals over a larger neuronal population than the other two signals – Neurons contributing to the LFP signals have more diverse response properties the ones contributing to either SUA or MUA – Ex) LFP is a poor predictor of the behavior of single neurons LFP correlates better w/ the ave ...
... • LFP pools signals over a larger neuronal population than the other two signals – Neurons contributing to the LFP signals have more diverse response properties the ones contributing to either SUA or MUA – Ex) LFP is a poor predictor of the behavior of single neurons LFP correlates better w/ the ave ...
MAP2 and Tau Segregate into Dendritic and Axonal Domains After
... rat (Binder et al., 1985) or human (Kowall and Kosik, 1986) some perikarya contained tau immunoreactivity. Not every neuronal cell body stained, and those cell bodiesthat did stain were considerably lessdensethan those in the more immature cultures (seebelow). To be sure that our tau antibodies did ...
... rat (Binder et al., 1985) or human (Kowall and Kosik, 1986) some perikarya contained tau immunoreactivity. Not every neuronal cell body stained, and those cell bodiesthat did stain were considerably lessdensethan those in the more immature cultures (seebelow). To be sure that our tau antibodies did ...
The Journal of Neuroscience http://jneurosci.msubmit.net Ana
... Chronic restraint stress (CRS) induces the remodeling (i.e. retraction and simplification) of the apical dendrites of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons in rats, suggesting that intrahippocampal connectivity can be affected by a prolonged stressful challenge. Since the structural maintenance of neuro ...
... Chronic restraint stress (CRS) induces the remodeling (i.e. retraction and simplification) of the apical dendrites of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons in rats, suggesting that intrahippocampal connectivity can be affected by a prolonged stressful challenge. Since the structural maintenance of neuro ...
Get PDF - IOS Press
... survival and neurite outgrowth of dopaminergic neurons by activating the TrkB receptor tyrosine kinase. BDNF is one growth factor that can alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by keeping dopaminergic neurons alive and promoting synaptic connections. Others include Glial-derived neurotrophin ...
... survival and neurite outgrowth of dopaminergic neurons by activating the TrkB receptor tyrosine kinase. BDNF is one growth factor that can alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by keeping dopaminergic neurons alive and promoting synaptic connections. Others include Glial-derived neurotrophin ...
Brain Research, 178 (1979) 363-380 363 © Elsevier/North
... IT, specifically, the floor of the superior temporal sulcus and the adjacent 2 mm of the bottom of the ventral bank of the sulcus (Fig. 1C and D). Within this area the median receptive field size of the 88 multi-units studied was 30° . Statistically, the anterior region had larger receptive fields t ...
... IT, specifically, the floor of the superior temporal sulcus and the adjacent 2 mm of the bottom of the ventral bank of the sulcus (Fig. 1C and D). Within this area the median receptive field size of the 88 multi-units studied was 30° . Statistically, the anterior region had larger receptive fields t ...
Caudal Topographic Nucleus Isthmi and the Rostra1
... neurons labeled in Imr, nucleus lentiformis mesencephali, or profundus mesencephali rostralis (PMr). The axons of neurons in those nuclei were reconstructed from serial sections and found to branch widely, sparsely innervating large areas of the tectum. Fourth, the dense thickets are not terminals o ...
... neurons labeled in Imr, nucleus lentiformis mesencephali, or profundus mesencephali rostralis (PMr). The axons of neurons in those nuclei were reconstructed from serial sections and found to branch widely, sparsely innervating large areas of the tectum. Fourth, the dense thickets are not terminals o ...
Odorant Specificity of Single Olfactory Bulb Neurons to Amino Acids
... (Friedrich and Korsching 1998) studies of ORN nerve terminals within the OB of zebrafish did reveal OB regions responsive to particular types of amino acids, but responses of individual cells were not detected. Single OB neurons can be recorded in an intact preparation over longer average times than ...
... (Friedrich and Korsching 1998) studies of ORN nerve terminals within the OB of zebrafish did reveal OB regions responsive to particular types of amino acids, but responses of individual cells were not detected. Single OB neurons can be recorded in an intact preparation over longer average times than ...
Learning in the oculomotor system: from molecules to behavior
... gain can take place within a few hundred saccades [5••] and, therefore, are easily induced within a single experimental session. In the absence of training to reverse adaptation, the changes can last at least 20 h in the dark [6••]. Recent studies of saccadic adaptation illustrate how careful behavi ...
... gain can take place within a few hundred saccades [5••] and, therefore, are easily induced within a single experimental session. In the absence of training to reverse adaptation, the changes can last at least 20 h in the dark [6••]. Recent studies of saccadic adaptation illustrate how careful behavi ...
Role of Frontal Eye Fields in Countermanding Saccades: Visual
... in response to the stop signal within the time required to cancel the saccade. Neurons with fixation-related activity were less common, but during the countermanding paradigm, these neurons exhibited an equally clear gaze-control signal. Fixation cells that had a pause in firing before a saccade exh ...
... in response to the stop signal within the time required to cancel the saccade. Neurons with fixation-related activity were less common, but during the countermanding paradigm, these neurons exhibited an equally clear gaze-control signal. Fixation cells that had a pause in firing before a saccade exh ...
Lesion of the perforant path triggers a biphasic neurogenic response
... w ith intact post-synaptic d ensities still form , d espite the absence of glutamatergic nerve term inals. Follow ing entorhinal lesion, n ew born neurons, but not m ature granule cells, have a higher d ensity of d end ritic spines in the non -d enervated inner m olecular layer, accom panied by an i ...
... w ith intact post-synaptic d ensities still form , d espite the absence of glutamatergic nerve term inals. Follow ing entorhinal lesion, n ew born neurons, but not m ature granule cells, have a higher d ensity of d end ritic spines in the non -d enervated inner m olecular layer, accom panied by an i ...
Stimulus Dependence of Local Field Potential Spectra: Experiment
... power is concentrated at low frequencies. This is a very natural choice for a model of external inputs to V1 during presentation of a natural movie because time changes of visual features in natural movies have been reported, both in general (Wong and Atick, 1995) and for the particular movies used ...
... power is concentrated at low frequencies. This is a very natural choice for a model of external inputs to V1 during presentation of a natural movie because time changes of visual features in natural movies have been reported, both in general (Wong and Atick, 1995) and for the particular movies used ...
Laminar differences in plasticity in area 17 following retinal lesions
... eye of 8-week-old kittens or adult (11±14 months old) cats anaesthetized with ketamine (40 mg/kg, i.m; Ketalar) and xylazine (4 mg/kg, i.m; Rompun). Lesions of all neural layers in the near-upper nasal region of the retina were produced with an argon-green laser focused to 300 mm, at an intensity o ...
... eye of 8-week-old kittens or adult (11±14 months old) cats anaesthetized with ketamine (40 mg/kg, i.m; Ketalar) and xylazine (4 mg/kg, i.m; Rompun). Lesions of all neural layers in the near-upper nasal region of the retina were produced with an argon-green laser focused to 300 mm, at an intensity o ...
Update on models of basal ganglia function and dysfunction
... firing patterns due to intrinsic membrane properties. Furthermore, the simple models do not take into account more recent anatomical findings, such as the influence of thalamostriatal projections [30], extrastriatal actions of dopamine (e.g., [31]), or brain stem projections of the basal ganglia [32]. ...
... firing patterns due to intrinsic membrane properties. Furthermore, the simple models do not take into account more recent anatomical findings, such as the influence of thalamostriatal projections [30], extrastriatal actions of dopamine (e.g., [31]), or brain stem projections of the basal ganglia [32]. ...
Dissociated functional significance of decision
... Because muscimol inactivations require comparisons across relatively long time scales, it remains logically possible that LIP normally plays a critical role in decision making, given that other areas are processing information in parallel and are able to quickly compensate when it is artificially in ...
... Because muscimol inactivations require comparisons across relatively long time scales, it remains logically possible that LIP normally plays a critical role in decision making, given that other areas are processing information in parallel and are able to quickly compensate when it is artificially in ...
5 Neurochemistry of the Gustatory System
... within the epithelium of the soft palate, the nasopharynx, the larynx, and the upper reaches of the esophagus. Counts of taste buds in rodents show that about 25% of the taste buds are located on the anterior portion of the tongue, about 50% on the posterior part of the tongue, and about 12% on the ...
... within the epithelium of the soft palate, the nasopharynx, the larynx, and the upper reaches of the esophagus. Counts of taste buds in rodents show that about 25% of the taste buds are located on the anterior portion of the tongue, about 50% on the posterior part of the tongue, and about 12% on the ...
Stages of Sleep And Brain Mechanisms
... – Can also be the result of disorders such as epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, depression, anxiety or other psychiatric conditions. – Dependence on sleeping pills and shifts in the circadian rhythms can also result in insomnia. ...
... – Can also be the result of disorders such as epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, depression, anxiety or other psychiatric conditions. – Dependence on sleeping pills and shifts in the circadian rhythms can also result in insomnia. ...
PDF
... 2004), which suggests that acoustic information is hierarchically processed along the auditory pathway. However, it is difficult to establish causal relationships between neuronal activity ...
... 2004), which suggests that acoustic information is hierarchically processed along the auditory pathway. However, it is difficult to establish causal relationships between neuronal activity ...
Asymmetric Neuroblast Divisions Producing Apoptotic Cells Require
... dynamics. We report here that GRP-1, the sole Caenorhabditis elegans cytohesin, controls the asymmetric divisions of certain neuroblasts that divide to produce a larger neuronal precursor or neuron and a smaller cell fated to die. In the Q neuroblast lineage, loss of GRP-1 led to the production of d ...
... dynamics. We report here that GRP-1, the sole Caenorhabditis elegans cytohesin, controls the asymmetric divisions of certain neuroblasts that divide to produce a larger neuronal precursor or neuron and a smaller cell fated to die. In the Q neuroblast lineage, loss of GRP-1 led to the production of d ...
View PDF - MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit
... together these two systems mediate reward-related learning in basal ganglia circuits. Here, we addressed the potential contribution of cortical and thalamic excitatory inputs to the characteristic multiphasic responses of cholinergic interneurons in vivo. We first recorded and labeled individual cho ...
... together these two systems mediate reward-related learning in basal ganglia circuits. Here, we addressed the potential contribution of cortical and thalamic excitatory inputs to the characteristic multiphasic responses of cholinergic interneurons in vivo. We first recorded and labeled individual cho ...
NROSCI/BIOSC 1070 and MSNBIO 2070 September 12, 2016
... NROSCI/BIOSC 1070 and MSNBIO 2070 September 12, 2016 Control Mechanisms 2: Endocrine Control ...
... NROSCI/BIOSC 1070 and MSNBIO 2070 September 12, 2016 Control Mechanisms 2: Endocrine Control ...
How Do Neurons Convey Information?
... between the tip of the recording electrode and the reference causes a current to flow through the voltmeter, deflecting a needle that indicates the voltage. Richard Caton, a Scottish physician who lived in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, was the first person to attempt to measure ...
... between the tip of the recording electrode and the reference causes a current to flow through the voltmeter, deflecting a needle that indicates the voltage. Richard Caton, a Scottish physician who lived in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, was the first person to attempt to measure ...
Separate Representations of Target and Timing Cue Locations in
... session included 400 –1,000 correct trials depending on the isolation quality as monitored by the experimenter. Therefore in each recording session ⱖ8 trials were performed to each target in the timing-cue task and at least one trial was performed to each target in the memoryguided saccade task. ...
... session included 400 –1,000 correct trials depending on the isolation quality as monitored by the experimenter. Therefore in each recording session ⱖ8 trials were performed to each target in the timing-cue task and at least one trial was performed to each target in the memoryguided saccade task. ...
the phase-space dynamics of systems of spiking neurons
... Science remained out of favor until the beginning of the Renaissance. In 1543 Andreas Vesalius published De Humani Corporis Fabrica that helped correct numerous misconceptions about the human anatomy that had prevailed for fifteen hundred years. The 1641 publication of René Descartes’ Meditationes ...
... Science remained out of favor until the beginning of the Renaissance. In 1543 Andreas Vesalius published De Humani Corporis Fabrica that helped correct numerous misconceptions about the human anatomy that had prevailed for fifteen hundred years. The 1641 publication of René Descartes’ Meditationes ...
Computation with Spikes in a Winner-Take-All Network
... the excitatory connections from excitatory neurons to interneurons and the inhibitory connections from interneurons to excitatory neurons. In our model, we assume the forward connections between the excitatory and the inhibitory neurons to be strong, so that each spike of an excitatory neuron trigge ...
... the excitatory connections from excitatory neurons to interneurons and the inhibitory connections from interneurons to excitatory neurons. In our model, we assume the forward connections between the excitatory and the inhibitory neurons to be strong, so that each spike of an excitatory neuron trigge ...
The Neuroscientist
... representations of these perceptual characteristics from the information that the ear provides about sound acoustics. In this article, the authors examine evidence that the auditory cortex is necessary for processing the pitch, timbre, and location of sounds, and document how neurons across multiple ...
... representations of these perceptual characteristics from the information that the ear provides about sound acoustics. In this article, the authors examine evidence that the auditory cortex is necessary for processing the pitch, timbre, and location of sounds, and document how neurons across multiple ...
Optogenetics
Optogenetics (from Greek optikós, meaning ""seen, visible"") is a biological technique which involves the use of light to control cells in living tissue, typically neurons, that have been genetically modified to express light-sensitive ion channels. It is a neuromodulation method employed in neuroscience that uses a combination of techniques from optics and genetics to control and monitor the activities of individual neurons in living tissue—even within freely-moving animals—and to precisely measure the effects of those manipulations in real-time. The key reagents used in optogenetics are light-sensitive proteins. Spatially-precise neuronal control is achieved using optogenetic actuators like channelrhodopsin, halorhodopsin, and archaerhodopsin, while temporally-precise recordings can be made with the help of optogenetic sensors for calcium (Aequorin, Cameleon, GCaMP), chloride (Clomeleon) or membrane voltage (Mermaid).The earliest approaches were developed and applied by Boris Zemelman and Gero Miesenböck, at the Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City, and Dirk Trauner, Richard Kramer and Ehud Isacoff at the University of California, Berkeley; these methods conferred light sensitivity but were never reported to be useful by other laboratories due to the multiple components these approaches required. A distinct single-component approach involving microbial opsin genes introduced in 2005 turned out to be widely applied, as described below. Optogenetics is known for the high spatial and temporal resolution that it provides in altering the activity of specific types of neurons to control a subject's behaviour.In 2010, optogenetics was chosen as the ""Method of the Year"" across all fields of science and engineering by the interdisciplinary research journal Nature Methods. At the same time, optogenetics was highlighted in the article on “Breakthroughs of the Decade” in the academic research journal Science. These journals also referenced recent public-access general-interest video Method of the year video and textual SciAm summaries of optogenetics.