general biology syllabus
... 4) Carbohydrate production: a) CO2 molecules enter Calvin-Benson Cycle (a set of chemical reactions). b) With enzymes, ATP, and NADPH, 6 CO2 are used to ultimately produce a carbohydrate. ...
... 4) Carbohydrate production: a) CO2 molecules enter Calvin-Benson Cycle (a set of chemical reactions). b) With enzymes, ATP, and NADPH, 6 CO2 are used to ultimately produce a carbohydrate. ...
Metabolism PPT File
... • Metabolism is the total of all the chemical processes that take place in the body. These chemical processes convert the food you eat into the energy and ...
... • Metabolism is the total of all the chemical processes that take place in the body. These chemical processes convert the food you eat into the energy and ...
A2 Populations and Environment JLL The Biochemistry of R
... 2. THE LINK REATION: The ____________ produced during glycolysis combines with coenzyme A to produce______________. At the start of the link reaction, pyruvate produced by the process of glycolysis, leaves the cytoplasm and enters the matrix of the mitochondria. In the mitochondria, NAD oxidises the ...
... 2. THE LINK REATION: The ____________ produced during glycolysis combines with coenzyme A to produce______________. At the start of the link reaction, pyruvate produced by the process of glycolysis, leaves the cytoplasm and enters the matrix of the mitochondria. In the mitochondria, NAD oxidises the ...
cellular respiration
... During fermentation by yeast, pyruvate is broken down to carbon dioxide and ethanol (an alcohol). The amounts of ethanol and carbon dioxide produced vary with different yeasts and different environmental conditions. In wine-making, grapes are crushed to release the juice which contains sugars. Yeast ...
... During fermentation by yeast, pyruvate is broken down to carbon dioxide and ethanol (an alcohol). The amounts of ethanol and carbon dioxide produced vary with different yeasts and different environmental conditions. In wine-making, grapes are crushed to release the juice which contains sugars. Yeast ...
Chapter 5
... Energy-Conserving Stage of Glycolysis 2 glucose-3-phosphate oxidized to 2 pyruvic acid 4 ATP produced 2 NADH produced ...
... Energy-Conserving Stage of Glycolysis 2 glucose-3-phosphate oxidized to 2 pyruvic acid 4 ATP produced 2 NADH produced ...
5 Metabolism - bloodhounds Incorporated
... ATPsynthase stored energy is converted into chemical-bond energy • The ATPsynthase transfers KE to the highenergy phosphate bond of ATP • A portion of this energy transfer is released as heat and absorbed into the blood ...
... ATPsynthase stored energy is converted into chemical-bond energy • The ATPsynthase transfers KE to the highenergy phosphate bond of ATP • A portion of this energy transfer is released as heat and absorbed into the blood ...
cellular respiration - Aurora City Schools
... The movement of hydrogen ions from the matrix to the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion fuelled the movement of high energy electrons yields to the production of ATP. We are going to look at the picture on the next slide together and form the steps of the electron transport chain and oxidative ...
... The movement of hydrogen ions from the matrix to the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion fuelled the movement of high energy electrons yields to the production of ATP. We are going to look at the picture on the next slide together and form the steps of the electron transport chain and oxidative ...
Cellular Respiration Scrambled Steps
... the top of your list next to the hand-written words “Purpose of cellular respiration.” ...
... the top of your list next to the hand-written words “Purpose of cellular respiration.” ...
Cellular Respiration II PPT
... Quick Review – How is ATP used as an energy molecule in living organisms? What is it about the molecule that allows it to hold free energy? ...
... Quick Review – How is ATP used as an energy molecule in living organisms? What is it about the molecule that allows it to hold free energy? ...
FALSE degradation also needs to be considered. A change in
... VIII. (4 pts) Describe 2 types of reactions that can be used to remove the N from a glutamine molecule. Provide the names of the substrates, products and enzymes for each, and classify using the following terms. deamination, transamination, deamidation, and transamidation. Deamination- GlutamineGlu ...
... VIII. (4 pts) Describe 2 types of reactions that can be used to remove the N from a glutamine molecule. Provide the names of the substrates, products and enzymes for each, and classify using the following terms. deamination, transamination, deamidation, and transamidation. Deamination- GlutamineGlu ...
Cellular respiration
... 8. Chemical reactions of citric acid cycle produces CO2, ATP, and NADPH. 9. Kreb’s cycle is the reason for the carbon dioxide you exhale. 10. Kreb’s cycle is used to convert any molecule into another molecule. 11. Kreb’s cycle is involved in anabolizing and catabolizing proteins, fats, carbohydrates ...
... 8. Chemical reactions of citric acid cycle produces CO2, ATP, and NADPH. 9. Kreb’s cycle is the reason for the carbon dioxide you exhale. 10. Kreb’s cycle is used to convert any molecule into another molecule. 11. Kreb’s cycle is involved in anabolizing and catabolizing proteins, fats, carbohydrates ...
Chapter 4: Cellular Metabolism
... __________________________________________________________________ 8. The cycle repeats as long as _________________________________________ 9. Three important consequences of the citric acid cycle are _________________ __________________________________________________________________ _____________ ...
... __________________________________________________________________ 8. The cycle repeats as long as _________________________________________ 9. Three important consequences of the citric acid cycle are _________________ __________________________________________________________________ _____________ ...
Chapter 2: Major Metabolic Pathway
... Even the same species may produce different product when grown under different nutritional and environmental regulation. ...
... Even the same species may produce different product when grown under different nutritional and environmental regulation. ...
Major Metabolic Pathway
... Even the same species may produce different product when grown under different nutritional and environmental regulation. Example: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast) Condition ...
... Even the same species may produce different product when grown under different nutritional and environmental regulation. Example: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast) Condition ...
Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis - University of San Diego Home
... • If the concentration of substrate in blood spikes to 50 mM, which tissue is responsible for reducing the blood substrate concentration. • If the preferred bld substrate concentration is 10 mM, which tiss ...
... • If the concentration of substrate in blood spikes to 50 mM, which tissue is responsible for reducing the blood substrate concentration. • If the preferred bld substrate concentration is 10 mM, which tiss ...
chapter 23
... Overall, a series of reactions that degrade acetyl-CoA to CO2 and energy This energy is used to produce NADH and FADH2 NADH and FADH2 are the “electron limousines” that shuttle the electrons to the electron transport chain, where they are used to generate a lot of ATP. ...
... Overall, a series of reactions that degrade acetyl-CoA to CO2 and energy This energy is used to produce NADH and FADH2 NADH and FADH2 are the “electron limousines” that shuttle the electrons to the electron transport chain, where they are used to generate a lot of ATP. ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation - Biology E
... The ATP synthase harnesses the proton-motive force to phosphorylate ADP, forming ATP. Together, electron transport and chemiosmosis make up oxidative phosphorylation. 31. To account for the total number of ATPs that could be formed from a glucose molecule, we have to add the substrate-level ATPs fr ...
... The ATP synthase harnesses the proton-motive force to phosphorylate ADP, forming ATP. Together, electron transport and chemiosmosis make up oxidative phosphorylation. 31. To account for the total number of ATPs that could be formed from a glucose molecule, we have to add the substrate-level ATPs fr ...
Enzymes Recap
... • The chemical structure is such that its successive oxida5on yields high energy electrons that can be harnessed to drive ATP synthesis in an energy efficient manner ...
... • The chemical structure is such that its successive oxida5on yields high energy electrons that can be harnessed to drive ATP synthesis in an energy efficient manner ...
Carbohydrates
... • Pyruvate carboxylase reaction is the first site of regulation of gluconeogenetic pathway • It is positively effected by Acetyl-CoA (product of fatty acid catabolism) • Pyruvate carboxylase reaction can replenish intermediates in other metabolic pathways ...
... • Pyruvate carboxylase reaction is the first site of regulation of gluconeogenetic pathway • It is positively effected by Acetyl-CoA (product of fatty acid catabolism) • Pyruvate carboxylase reaction can replenish intermediates in other metabolic pathways ...
Biochemical activity of bacteria
... • Major carbohydrate metabolism pathway: • 1.Embden-meyerhof-parnas (EMP) glycolysis • 2.Entner-Doudoroff (ED) • 3.Penthose phosphate (PP) • 4.Kreb´s cycle ...
... • Major carbohydrate metabolism pathway: • 1.Embden-meyerhof-parnas (EMP) glycolysis • 2.Entner-Doudoroff (ED) • 3.Penthose phosphate (PP) • 4.Kreb´s cycle ...
Chapter 1 Homework - due Tuesday, Sept
... c) c) ATP synthase complex – as hydrogen ions pass through the synthases, the production of ATP from ADP and Pi is catalyzed, and oxygen is reduced, forming water 4. What are the roles of NAD+ and FAD in aerobic respiration? NAD+ and FAD receive electrons at varying steps during glycolysis (NAD+ onl ...
... c) c) ATP synthase complex – as hydrogen ions pass through the synthases, the production of ATP from ADP and Pi is catalyzed, and oxygen is reduced, forming water 4. What are the roles of NAD+ and FAD in aerobic respiration? NAD+ and FAD receive electrons at varying steps during glycolysis (NAD+ onl ...
File
... We get our energy from the __________ plants made during _______________ PHOTOSYNTHESIS when we eat plants or eat animals that ate the plants. ...
... We get our energy from the __________ plants made during _______________ PHOTOSYNTHESIS when we eat plants or eat animals that ate the plants. ...
Plant Respiration
... (b) Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that is found in the cytoplasm of cells in all living organisms and is anaerobic, or doesn't require oxygen. The process converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, and makes energy in the form of two net molecules of ATP. Citric acid Cycle ...
... (b) Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that is found in the cytoplasm of cells in all living organisms and is anaerobic, or doesn't require oxygen. The process converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, and makes energy in the form of two net molecules of ATP. Citric acid Cycle ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑