Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
... Which main pathway is utilized (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, beta oxidation) when first starting to work out? What macronutrient does this pathway use and what are the end ...
... Which main pathway is utilized (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, beta oxidation) when first starting to work out? What macronutrient does this pathway use and what are the end ...
Mark scheme Outline the process of glycolysis. (5 marks) occurs in
... large surface area gives more space for electron transport chain / oxidative phosphorylation inner membrane contains ATP synthetase / ATPase / stalked particles that make ATP (narrow) gap between inner and outer membranes / inter-membrane space ( must be stated or labeled) pH / H+ / proton concentra ...
... large surface area gives more space for electron transport chain / oxidative phosphorylation inner membrane contains ATP synthetase / ATPase / stalked particles that make ATP (narrow) gap between inner and outer membranes / inter-membrane space ( must be stated or labeled) pH / H+ / proton concentra ...
Aerobic respiration
... Named after Hans Kreb (1930s) The first compound created is citrate (citric acid cycle) 3NAD+ are reduced to 3NADH. FAD+ is reduced to FADH2 1 ATP is created via substrate level phosphorylation. 2CO2 are released. Remember that there are two acetyl-CoA! This reaction occurs for each acetylCoA! ...
... Named after Hans Kreb (1930s) The first compound created is citrate (citric acid cycle) 3NAD+ are reduced to 3NADH. FAD+ is reduced to FADH2 1 ATP is created via substrate level phosphorylation. 2CO2 are released. Remember that there are two acetyl-CoA! This reaction occurs for each acetylCoA! ...
GLYCOLYSIS
... • It occurs in the cytosol of all cells. • Its unique features is that it can function aerobically or anaerobically, depending on the availability of oxygen and electron transport chain. • RBCs have no mitochondria and they rely completely on glucose as their metabolic fuel and metabolize it anaerob ...
... • It occurs in the cytosol of all cells. • Its unique features is that it can function aerobically or anaerobically, depending on the availability of oxygen and electron transport chain. • RBCs have no mitochondria and they rely completely on glucose as their metabolic fuel and metabolize it anaerob ...
1. Why is cellular respiration called an aerobic process? 2. What
... ______ Energy released during the breakdown of cells is used to synthesize ATP. ______ The energy released from the breakdown of glucose can be used to recharge ATP. ______ When you exhale, carbon dioxide is a released. ______ When glucose is broken down during cellular respiration, a product is lig ...
... ______ Energy released during the breakdown of cells is used to synthesize ATP. ______ The energy released from the breakdown of glucose can be used to recharge ATP. ______ When you exhale, carbon dioxide is a released. ______ When glucose is broken down during cellular respiration, a product is lig ...
Proteins in nutrition
... about 1,2 – 1,5 g / kg / day Pregnancy and breastfeeding: about 1,5 g / kg / day Sportsmen in training: max. 1,3 – 1,5 g / kg / day (higher amount do not use for proteosynthesis, but only as energy source) Excessive intake: The human body is able to use for proteosynthesis only limited amount of ami ...
... about 1,2 – 1,5 g / kg / day Pregnancy and breastfeeding: about 1,5 g / kg / day Sportsmen in training: max. 1,3 – 1,5 g / kg / day (higher amount do not use for proteosynthesis, but only as energy source) Excessive intake: The human body is able to use for proteosynthesis only limited amount of ami ...
CO 2 - cloudfront.net
... don’t keep burning energy unless we need to. • However, some mitochondria have a protein in the inner membrane that lets H+ ions move freely back across the membrane. These are called “Uncoupling proteins” because they decouple the production of ATP from the rest of the electron transport chain. Why ...
... don’t keep burning energy unless we need to. • However, some mitochondria have a protein in the inner membrane that lets H+ ions move freely back across the membrane. These are called “Uncoupling proteins” because they decouple the production of ATP from the rest of the electron transport chain. Why ...
C8eBookCh05LegendsTables Щ Figure 5.1 Why do scientists study
... bilayer shown here is the main fabric of biological membranes. Note that the hydrophilic heads of the phospholipids are in contact with water in this structure, whereas the hydrophobic tails are in contact with each other and remote from water. Figure 5.15 Cholesterol, a steroid. Cholesterol is th ...
... bilayer shown here is the main fabric of biological membranes. Note that the hydrophilic heads of the phospholipids are in contact with water in this structure, whereas the hydrophobic tails are in contact with each other and remote from water. Figure 5.15 Cholesterol, a steroid. Cholesterol is th ...
Gluconeogenesis
... The synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors is called gluconeogenesis. This metabolic pathway is very important because glucose is the primary energy source for the brain. Erythrocytes do not have mitochondria and derive all of their energy by glycolysis converting glucose into two mole ...
... The synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors is called gluconeogenesis. This metabolic pathway is very important because glucose is the primary energy source for the brain. Erythrocytes do not have mitochondria and derive all of their energy by glycolysis converting glucose into two mole ...
Document
... Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is an important cofactor of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, or PDC a critical enzyme in glucose metabolism. Thiamine is neither synthesized nor stored in good amounts by most vertebrates. It is required in the diets of most vertebrates. Thiamine deficiency ultimately cau ...
... Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is an important cofactor of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, or PDC a critical enzyme in glucose metabolism. Thiamine is neither synthesized nor stored in good amounts by most vertebrates. It is required in the diets of most vertebrates. Thiamine deficiency ultimately cau ...
L14_Adv06PDHwebCT
... • drive E2 and E3 in reverse (these reactions are close to equilibrium) • E2 not available to collect hydyrxyol from ...
... • drive E2 and E3 in reverse (these reactions are close to equilibrium) • E2 not available to collect hydyrxyol from ...
AEROBIC CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... GLYCOLYSIS State the products in glycolysis. 1. Does glycolysis require oxygen? 2. Where does glycolysis occur in the cell? Glycolysis animation Activity 12: Look at this animation and answer the following questions: 1. What is the net gain of ATP per glucose? KREB CYCLE (also called the Citric Acid ...
... GLYCOLYSIS State the products in glycolysis. 1. Does glycolysis require oxygen? 2. Where does glycolysis occur in the cell? Glycolysis animation Activity 12: Look at this animation and answer the following questions: 1. What is the net gain of ATP per glucose? KREB CYCLE (also called the Citric Acid ...
pharmaceutical biochemistry
... serves as a precursor for metabolic intermediates for biosynthetic reactions. Glycolysis is an almost universal central pathway of anaerob glucose catabolism. It takes place in the cytosol because the plasma membrane generally lacks transporters for phosphorylated sugars and so the intermediates can ...
... serves as a precursor for metabolic intermediates for biosynthetic reactions. Glycolysis is an almost universal central pathway of anaerob glucose catabolism. It takes place in the cytosol because the plasma membrane generally lacks transporters for phosphorylated sugars and so the intermediates can ...
(Vibrcgen-Zellmiihle, Fa. E. Buhl er, Tiibingen, Germany). The results
... Among the isolates obtained along with 41 I-L5-A, there was o marked conelotion between ability ...
... Among the isolates obtained along with 41 I-L5-A, there was o marked conelotion between ability ...
Anatomy and Physiology Sem 2 Pig Dissection May 12 to 16.notebook
... storing and converting glycogen • oxidizes fatty acids, synthesizes lipoproteins, phospholipids, and cholesterol • converts carbs to fats • deaminate amino acids to form urea • synthesizes plasma proteins (clotting factors) • converts amino acids to other aa • stores iron, vitamins A, D, and B12 ...
... storing and converting glycogen • oxidizes fatty acids, synthesizes lipoproteins, phospholipids, and cholesterol • converts carbs to fats • deaminate amino acids to form urea • synthesizes plasma proteins (clotting factors) • converts amino acids to other aa • stores iron, vitamins A, D, and B12 ...
Cellular respiration includes three pathways
... 6. The loss of electrons from a substance is called _________________________. 7. The addition of electrons to another substance is called __________________________. 8. Respiration, the oxidation of glucose and other molecules in food, is a redox process. In a series of reactions, glucose is ______ ...
... 6. The loss of electrons from a substance is called _________________________. 7. The addition of electrons to another substance is called __________________________. 8. Respiration, the oxidation of glucose and other molecules in food, is a redox process. In a series of reactions, glucose is ______ ...
Cell Energy Study Guide
... 6. Identify the plant structures involved in obtaining materials for photosynthesis. What are their roles? 7. How do autotrophs and heterotrophs obtain energy? 8. Why is photoautotrophy an important adaptation? 9. What is the role of pigments, especially chlorophyll, in photosynthesis? 10. How do th ...
... 6. Identify the plant structures involved in obtaining materials for photosynthesis. What are their roles? 7. How do autotrophs and heterotrophs obtain energy? 8. Why is photoautotrophy an important adaptation? 9. What is the role of pigments, especially chlorophyll, in photosynthesis? 10. How do th ...
Problem Set# 3
... d. The production of water in the matrix by the reduction of oxygen leads to a net flow of water out of the mitochondrion. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 6. The main function of the TCA cyc ...
... d. The production of water in the matrix by the reduction of oxygen leads to a net flow of water out of the mitochondrion. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 6. The main function of the TCA cyc ...
Gluconeogenesis
... • Glucose produced from lactate, pyruvate or alanine through the use of bypass steps for the irreversible steps of Glycolysis • Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) and Phophoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCK) reverse PK through Malate shuttle - Fig 9-15 • Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase reverses PFK • Glucose 6 Pho ...
... • Glucose produced from lactate, pyruvate or alanine through the use of bypass steps for the irreversible steps of Glycolysis • Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) and Phophoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCK) reverse PK through Malate shuttle - Fig 9-15 • Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase reverses PFK • Glucose 6 Pho ...
16 Proteins/Vitamins
... High protein – low carb diets (Atkins, Zone, Protein Power…) Result in quick weight loss because eliminating carbohydrates results in loss of body fluids – but, according to the American Heart Association, are not effective long term: impede fat metabolism, generally substitute carbohydrates with f ...
... High protein – low carb diets (Atkins, Zone, Protein Power…) Result in quick weight loss because eliminating carbohydrates results in loss of body fluids – but, according to the American Heart Association, are not effective long term: impede fat metabolism, generally substitute carbohydrates with f ...
Metabolism part 2
... • Remember that each glucose gives us 2 molecules of pyruvate. Each pyruvate is converted to Acetyl CoA. During the conversion process 1CO2 is lost from each pyruvate. So, from the original 6 Cs of glucose we now have 4 remaining. We have also lost some H and O as water during Glycolysis, as well as ...
... • Remember that each glucose gives us 2 molecules of pyruvate. Each pyruvate is converted to Acetyl CoA. During the conversion process 1CO2 is lost from each pyruvate. So, from the original 6 Cs of glucose we now have 4 remaining. We have also lost some H and O as water during Glycolysis, as well as ...
A Quick Look at Biochemistry: Lipid Metabolism
... Lipids and carbohydrates are the energetic molecules and one of the main components of the metabolic system. These molecules circulate in the blood stream and between the metabolic tissues and transfer energy throughout the body. They are degraded and release their energy in the form of adenosine tr ...
... Lipids and carbohydrates are the energetic molecules and one of the main components of the metabolic system. These molecules circulate in the blood stream and between the metabolic tissues and transfer energy throughout the body. They are degraded and release their energy in the form of adenosine tr ...
4. Organic Cmpd
... There are several types of lipids, but all contain subunits of glycerol and fatty acids made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. It is different from a carbohydrate because of the ratio and because the smaller units do not link together to form a chemical chain ...
... There are several types of lipids, but all contain subunits of glycerol and fatty acids made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. It is different from a carbohydrate because of the ratio and because the smaller units do not link together to form a chemical chain ...
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules
... Four main types of carbon-based molecules are found in living things. • Lipids are nonpolar molecules made of carbon, hydrogen & oxygen & include fats, oils, and cholesterol. – Many contain carbon chains called fatty acids. – Fats and oils contain fatty acids bonded to glycerol. Triglyceride ...
... Four main types of carbon-based molecules are found in living things. • Lipids are nonpolar molecules made of carbon, hydrogen & oxygen & include fats, oils, and cholesterol. – Many contain carbon chains called fatty acids. – Fats and oils contain fatty acids bonded to glycerol. Triglyceride ...