Download Meiosis/Genetics Test

Genetics and Heredity Test
1. Where is DNA found in a eukaryotic cell?
A. mitochondria
B. nucleus
C. cell membrane
2. Pick the answer that best describes “AA”.
A. Homozygous
B. Heterozygous
3. Pick the answer that best describes “Aa”.
A. Homozygous
B. Heterozygous
4. According to Mendel, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). If a heterozygous
parent is crossed with a homozygous recessive parent, which of the following would be true? (Use your
scratch paper to make a Punnett Square)
A. all four “rr”
B. all four “Rr”
C. two “rr” and two “Rr”
5. According to Mendel, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). If two heterozygous
parents are crossed, what is the genotype expressed as a percent? (Use your scratch paper to make a
Punnett Square)
A. 50% red, 50% white
B. 75% red, 25% white
C. 50% RR, 50% rr
D. 25% RR, 50% Rr, 25%rr
6. According to Mendel, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). If two heterozygous
parents are crossed, what is the phenotype expressed as a percent? (Use your scratch paper to make a
Punnett Square)
A. 50% red, 50% white
B. 75% red, 25% white
C. 50% RR, 50% rr
D. 25% RR, 50% Rr, 25%rr
7. Green seed color (G) is dominant to yellow seed color (g). If a purebred yellow parent is crossed with a
hybrid parent, what are the chances the offspring will be yellow? (Use your scratch paper to make a
Punnett square)
A. 25%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 100%
8. Which term refers to physical characteristics that are studied in genetics?
A. traits
B. offspring
C. generations
9. What is the term for factors that control traits?
A. genes
B. recessives
C. parents
10. What do scientists call an organism that has two different alleles for a trait?
A. hybrid
B. purebred
11. What does the notation TT mean to geneticists?
A. Two dominant alleles
B. Two recessive alleles
12. What does a Punnett square show?
A. All the possible outcomes of a genetic cross
B. Only the dominant alleles in a genetic cross
C. Only the recessive alleles in a genetic cross
13. If a homozygous black guinea pig (BB) is crossed with a homozygous white guinea pig (bb), what is the
probability that an offspring will have black fur? (Use your scratch paper to complete a Punnett square)
A. 50%
B. 75%
C. 100%
14. What is an organism’s physical appearance called?
A. phenotype
B. codominance
C. heterozygous
15. What is an organism’s genotype?
A.
genetic makeup
B. feather color
C. physical appearance
16. What does codominance mean in genetics?
A. One allele is dominant.
B. both alleles are recessive.
C. both alleles are expressed.
17. What is probability?
A. The mathematical chance or likelihood that an event will occur
B. A percentage, ratio, or fraction like four quarters in a dollar
C. All of the above
18. What is the study of heredity called?
A. classification
B. genetics
C. science
19. The kind of gene that will always appear in the offspring when it is present.
A. Dominate
B. Recessive
20. What kind of gene is shown with a lower case letter?
A. Dominate
B. Recessive
21. Which of the following represents the male sex chromosome?
A. XY
B. XX
C. YY
22. Where can we find sex-linked genes?
A. On all the chromosomes of the mother.
B. On all the chromosomes of the father.
C. On the X and Y chromosomes.
D. All 23 pairs of chromosomes.
23. What is a mutation?
A. Any change that is harmful to an organism.
B. Any change in a gene or chromosome.
C. Any change that is helpful to an organism.
24. What is a pedigree?
A. A chart that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait.
B. A picture of all of the chromosomes in a cell.
C. An allele passed from parent to child on a sex chromosome.
25. What causes genetic disorders?
A. Pedigrees
C. Karyotypes
B. Mutations
D. Sickle-shaped cells
26. A mutation is harmful to an organism if it
A. changes the DNA of the organism.
B. changes the phenotype of the organism.
C. reduces the organism’s chances for survival and reproduction.
D. makes the organism better able to avoid predators.
27. Which of the following best describes homologous chromosomes?
A. Homologous chromosomes do not contain genes, but they do contain the same alleles.
B. Homologous chromosomes contain the same genes, but may contain different alleles for the genes.
C. Homologous chromosomes contain the same genes and the same alleles for the genes.
D. Homologous chromosomes contain different genes and different alleles.