Download Review packet midterm 2016

Name ______________________________________________________ Pd _______ Date _______________
Biology Midterm Review
Chapter 1: The Science of Biology
1. Hypothesis2. Manipulated variable( independent)
3. Responding variable ( dependent)4. Theory5. Biology6. Homeostasis7. Compound light microscope8. data-
Review questions Ch 1
1. What are the goals of science? (three)
2. Basic units of measurement: What does each unit measure?
GramMeterLiter-
3. Hypotheses may arise from what 3 sources?
4. List the eight characteristics of living things?
5. On the Celsius scale, what is the boiling point and freezing point of water?
6. Read the following examples:
If a scientist conducts an experiment to test the theory that a vitamin could extend a person’s life-expectancy,
then:
The independent variable is the amount of vitamin that is given to the subjects within the experiment. This is
controlled by the experimenting scientist.
The dependent variable, or the variable being affected by the independent variable, is life span.
Explain the difference between an independent and dependent variable.
Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life
1. Isotope2. Compound3. Ion4. Adhesion5. Cohesion6. Suspension7. Solution8. Solute-( define and provide example)
9. Solvent- ( define and provide example)
10. Monomer-
11. Activation Energy
-
Explain:
12. Catalyst13. polysaccharide 14. monosaccharideReview questions Ch 2
1. Draw and describe the structure of an atom p.35
2. Examine the Enzyme Substrate Complex Diagram below.
Which letter is the substrate _____ Which letter is the enzyme _____; Which letter is the activation site ______
3. Label the element below and give the atomic number, mass number, element name; symbol.
number of protons ______, electrons ______, and neutrons _______
4. The atomic number of an element tells the number of
5. The mass number of an element tells the number of
.
.
and
6. What is the difference between an ionic and covalent bond?
7. When hydrogen gas and oxygen gas combine to form water, is this a:
a) physical change
b) chemical change
c) both physical and chemical
8. Draw the pH scale. Label the acids, bases, and neutral
9. Draw and describe a water molecule.
10. Monosaccharide + Monosaccharide = Disaccharide + Water (H2O)
Is this an example of:
a) dehydration synthesis
11. Identify each macromolecule as a:
carbohydrate
lipid
protein or
nucleic acid
b) hydrolysis
12. Complete the following chart:
Organic Molecule
Monomer(s)
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
Chapter 7: Cell Structure and Function
1. Nucleus2. Nucleolus3. Cytoplasm4. Ribosomes5. Golgi Apparatus6. Lysosomes7. Mitochondria8. Chloroplasts9. cell wall
Elemental Compositionwhat elements are in it?
Function
10. cytoskeleton11. Diffusion12. Osmosis13. Facilitated Diffusion14. Active Transport15. Passive Transport16. Cell specialization17. metabolism
17. Compare and contrast:
Prokaryotes
Review questions Ch. 7
1. What three statements make up the cell theory?
2. List the levels of organization from simplest to most complex.
Eukaryotes
3. Describe the functions of the following systems:
a. excretory –
b. Lymphatic ( immune) –
c. digestive –
d. circulatory –
e. integumentary-
4. What is this type of biological mechanism called?
_____________________________________________________________
How is this helpful to humans?
Chapter 8: Photosynthesis
1. Autotroph-( define and provide example)
2. Heterotroph-( define and provide example)
** Review the parts of the leaf diagram! Label the stomata and guard cells
Review Questions Ch. 8
1. Draw and Label ATP and ADP. Compare ADP/ATP to a battery (see p.203)
2. Complete the following chart:
2 Steps of Photosynthesis
Reactants
Products
Location in chloroplast
Light dependent
Reactions
Calvin Cycle
3. What is the equation for photosynthesis?
4 Draw a chloroplast. Lable the Thylakoid; granum; and stroma
5. Why do plants appear green?
6. Draw graphs to show how the increase of light intensity and temperature impact the rate of
photosynthesis.
7. If the amount of CO2 is decreased, the rate of sugar production will ______________________________.
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration
1. Calorie2. Anaerobic respiration3. Aerobic (cellular) respiration4. Complete the following chart:
Reactants
Glycolysis
Products
Location in cell
1.
2.
3.
Kreb’s Cycle
1.
2.
3.
4.
Electron Transport
1.
Chain
2.
Alcohol Fermentation
1.
2.
3.
Lactic Acid Fermentation
1
2.
Review Questions Ch 9
1. What is the equation for cellular respiration?
2. Compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
3. What are the 2 high energy electron carriers used in cellular respiration?
9
Chapter 10 & 11-4: Cell Growth and Division & Meiosis
1. Cell cycle2. Spindle3. Cancer4. Diploid5. Haploid-
6. Crossing-over-
Explain crossing over-
7. Gametes-
Review questions Ch 10
1. Draw the cell cycle. Describe the major events of each phase.
2. What are the similarities and differences between –
MITOSIS
MEIOSIS
3. Draw and label the following parts of a chromosome: Chromatids and Centromere.
4. What are the differences between cell division in plant and animal cells?
Chapter 12: DNA , Protein Synthesis, mutations
1. Nucleic Acid 2. Draw and label a Nucleotide –
3. Genes –
4. Gene regulation –
Review questions Ch 12
1. Draw the structure of DNA. Label all of the parts (Nitrogen bases, sugar, phosphate)
2. What happens DNA replication.
3. What happens during transcription.
4. What happens during translation.
3. Explain what a point mutation is-
4. Replication – DNA to DNA
What nitrogen bases would be produced to match a strand of DNA with the following sequence:
ATT-GGC-CAA-TTC = ____________________________________________
5.
DNA
ATT-GGC-CAA-TTC
Transcription (mRNA)
Translation(amino acids)_