Download Name Quiz 13

Final Exam Review _A__ 2010-2011
Correct Points
Names_______________Jared____________________________
___ = ______% grade
Chapter(s) Key Concepts 1. p 22
2. p 44
3. p 70
4. p 96
5. p 116
Total Points Possible 75
1. List: The 5 major characteristics of Living Things
Answer:
a. Made up of cells
b. Grow and develope
c. Obtain and use energy
d. Respond to their environment
e. Able to reproduce
2. Question: How many variables does a scientific experiment use at a time?
Answer: A scientific experiment uses one or more control groups and one variable.
3. Question: What is used to measure a variable’s effects?
Answer: A control group provides a bench mark to measure the variables effects.
4. List: The four major steps of the scientific method:
Answer:
a. Stating a problem
b. Proposing a hypothesis for the problem
c. testing the hypothesis in an experiment
d. Analyzing the results and drawing conclusions
5. Question: What is the key difference among atoms of different elements?
Answer: The key difference among the atoms of different elements is their number of protons and
electrons.
6. Question: Which chemical bonds transfer electrons?
Answer: An ionic bond transfers electrons.
7. Question: Which chemical bonds share electrons?
Answer: An covalent bond shares electrons.
8. Fill in the blank: __________molecules (for example: water) can dissolve ionic substances.
1
Answer: NaCl
9. Fill in the blank: ________ of a water solution indicates its concentration of H+ ions and OH- ions.
Answer: pH
Fill in the blank: ___________ atoms are the organic compounds that form the backbone of every
large molecule in living organisms.
Answer: Carbon
10. Question: What is a large molecule made of units of monomers called?
Answer: Polymer
11. Question: What is a macromolecule?
Answer: Macromolecules are large organic polymers.
12. List: The 4 major classes of macromolecules:
Answer:
a. Carbohydrates
b. Lipids
c. Proteins
d. Nucleic acids
13. Question: What are the proteins called that catalyze almost every chemical reaction in living things?
Answer: Enzymes
14. Question: Stereoisomers have the same atoms and the same bonds, but how do they differ?
Answer: The atoms are oriented differently in space.
15. Fill in the blank: Anton van Leeuwenhoek used microscopes to identify small ___________________
Answer: Living things
16. Fill in the blank: Robert Hooke was the first person to identify _________________
Answer: Identify cells
17. List: The 3 components of the Cell Theory
Answer:
a. Living cells are made up of cells
2
b. Cells are the smallest working units of living things
c. Cells arise from the division of other cells
18. Fill in the blank: The ________________________separates and protects the cell from its surroundings.
Answer: Cell membrane
19. Question: What is a lipid bilayer?
Answer: The cell membrane contains a double layer of lipids.
20. List & Match: The 2 types of transport used to move substances in and out of cells.
Answer:
a. _____Passive______ transport moves substances from areas of higher concentration to
an area of lower concentration.
b. _____Active___________ transport uses energy across a concentration difference.
21. Question: Which cell structure contains almost all the cell’s DNA?
Answer: The nucleus
22. Question: What is an organelle?
Answer: A small structure that performs a specialized function within the cell.
23. List: The name of the organelle that does the described function.
Answer:
a. _______Ribosome__________ assembles proteins
b. ______Endoplasmic Reticulum____ processes, & transports proteins & other
macromolecules
c. _______Golgi__________ helps the ER package and ship proteins
d. ________Lysosome_________ do the housekeeping in the cell
e. ______Cytoskeleton___________ supports the cell (skeleton)
f. ______Vacuole____________ storage containers
g. ______Mitochondria____________ produces energy from chemical fuel
h. _______Chloroplast___________ harvest the energy of the sunlight
24. Fill in the blank with either (animal or plant)
3
Answer:
a. Vacuoles store fats, proteins and carbohydrates in _____animal_________ cells.
b. Vacuoles store water and dissolved salts in ____plant__________ cells.
c. Chloroplasts provide energy for ____plant________cells.
25. Fill in the blank: The _________ __________ states that, billions of years ago eukaryotic cells arose as a
combination of different prokaryotic cells.
Answer: Endosymbiont hypothesis
26. Fill in the blank: High energy bonds in ______________ are used for storing and releasing energy in
cells.
Answer: ATP
27. Fill in the blank: ________________ is the chemical reaction process caused by the breaking down of
molecules of glucose.
Answer: Glycolysis
28. Fill in the blank: The process (from question 27) can continue without oxygen by a process known as
____________________, and there are two types __________________and _____________________.
Answer:
a. Fermentation
b. Lactic acid
c. Alcoholic fermentation
29. Question: What is respiration?
Answer: The release of energy from the breakdown of food molecules in the presence of oxygen.
30. Question: In the cytoplasm during respiration, glucose is broken down during glycolysis into
_________________________ hint* (an acid).
Answer: Pyruvic
31. Fill in the blank: Green plants use sunlight to produce energy in the form of
_________________________. This process is known as _______________________________.
Answer:
a. Carbohydrates
b. Photosynthesis
4
32. Fill in the blank: Electrical charges (energy) across both animal and plant cell membranes can be used
to attach a ________________ to ______ to make _______.
Answer:
a. Phosphate
b. ADP
c. ATP
33. Question: What is chemiosmosis?
Answer: ATP is generated when hydrogen ions move from a high concentrated to a low concentration.
34. Question: What is the name of the process where eukaryotic cells divide into 2 independent cells?
Answer: Cell division
35. List: The 4 cycles when a cell copies itself and divides.
Answer:
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
36. List: The 4 phases of mitosis.
Answer:
a. Prophase
b. Metaphase
c. Anaphase
d. Telophase
37. Describe: The parts of a chromosome.
Answer:
a. Chromatids
b. Centromere
38. List: How cells are grouped in multicellular cells.
Answer:
a. Cells are grouped into tissues
5
b. Organs
c. Organ system
6