Download biology trimester b review sheet 2013-2014 - Nyland-Biology-2013-14

BIOLOGY TRIMESTER B REVIEW SHEET 2013-2014
The test will have approximately 100 questions. It is made up of multiple choice questions.
You will be allowed to use a note card provided that:



Size shall not exceed 3 in. X 5 in. You may write on both sides of the card.
Note card is done in your own handwriting. No machine generated note cards will be
accepted!
Your name and hour are clearly written on top right of the notecard high-lighted.
*Note card must be turned in by the end of class on __________________. In the event you are
absent and excused on that day, the card is to be turned in to your science teacher by 7:30 am
on the day you return.
Chapter 9 Cell Reproduction
1. What happens as a cell grows? What problems does it cause? And how is it fixed?
2. What is accomplished in cell division?
3. What is a chromosome? Describe and be able to identify a centromere and sister
chromatid.
4. Describe and be able to identify each of the parts of the cell cycle.
5. Describe DNA Structure and replication
6. What part of the cell cycle is mitosis?
7. What controls the cell cycle? How does that happen?
8. How is cancer related to the cell cycle?
Protein Synthesis Chapter 12.3
9. Describe transcription and translation.
10. Given a strand of DNA, state the complimentary DNA or RNA sequence.
11. Compare and contrast DNA and RNA.
12. State the names and functions of the 3 types of RNA.
13. How many codons are needed to code for each amino acid?
14. Be able to use the codon chart. How many amino acids are on the chart and how
many combinations of nucleotides are there?
15. What are genes and what do they do?
16. Describe and be able to recognize the differences in the types of mutations. What are
deletion, point mutation, nondisjunction and a translocation?
Meiosis Chapter 10.1
17. How do the chromosome numbers differ in gametes and body cells?
18. Understand the events that happen during each phase of Meiosis. Which are diploid?
Haploid?
19. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis, including the function of each process, the
type of cells involved and the end result of each process.
20. Identify the sources of genetic variation: crossing over, jumping genes, deletion and
duplication of genes.
21. How are gametes formed? human eggs vs human sperm?
GENETICS
22. Chapter 10.2-3
23. What do the principles of probability apply to genetics?
24. State the principles of dominance, segregation, independent assortment and
probability.
25. Do Mendel’s principles apply only to humans? Why or why not?
26. Using a Punnett square, state the results of a cross between a true breeding smooth
seed plant with a true breeding wrinkled seed plant. Explain why?
27. What happens when the F1 generation in question #4 (above) are crossed?
28. Define and recognize examples of homozygous dominant, homozygous
recessive, and heterozygous allele combinations.
29. What are the possible gametes of TtYy?
30. What is a genotype? What is a phenotype?
31. Chapter 11.2-11.3
32. Recognize patterns of co-dominance, incomplete dominance, multiple alleles and
simple dominance, sex linked
33. Be able to use punnett squares to find probability of traits of the different inheritance
types. How many chromosomes do humans possess?
34. What can be seen in a karyotype?
35. Explain why colorblindness is more common in males than in females.
36. Where are the chromosomes located in eukaryotic cells?
37. What effect does nondisjunction have on the offspring.
38. State the genotype of a human female. State the genotype of a human male.
39. Compare the possible sex determining gametes produced in a male to that of a
female.
40. What are the chances a pregnancy will result in a baby boy?
41. Type A blood genotype: AA or AO
42. Type B blood genotype: BB or BO
43. Type AB blood genotype: AB
44. Type O blood genotype: OO
45. Using the information above, what are the children’s possible blood types if one
parent is homozygous A and the other is heterozygous B.
46. Chapter 13
47. What is selective breeding? How is it useful? Does it have problems?
48. What are tools of genetic engineering? How can they be useful?
49. What is Recombinant DNA?
50. What is cell transformation?
51. What is cloning?
52. What is gene therapy? And how is different from DNA recombination?
53. What is DNA fingerprinting? How is it done?
54. What are the ethical issues associated with Human Genetics?
Evolution
Chapter 14.
55. Describe the three possible scientific explanations for the first organic molecules
56. What is the importance of fossil records?
57. How do fossils support the Theory of Evolution?
58. What era are we living in?
59. Describe the ways to date fossils?
60. Describe the endosymbiont theory.
Chapter 15
61. Be familiar with Darwin’s theory of evolution, natural theory of evolution.
62. What were the evidences that Darwin had for evolution.
63. How does natural selection lead to evolution of a species or even a new species?
64. Describe gene pools and gene frequency. Be able to recognize examples.
65. How are gene variations and environmental factors responsible for evolution?
66. How does natural selection effect single gene and polygenic traits?
67. Describe the 3 types of selection that occur in populations?
68. What is genetic drift? Explain the different methods. Be able to recognize examples.
69. What is speciation? What causes speciation? What are the different types of
isolation?
70. What is a cladogram and what information does it give? What is an outgroup?