Download Final Exam Study Guide 7th grade Science Name: Date: Importance

Final Exam Study Guide
7th grade Science
Name: ________________________________________
Date: _____________________
1. Importance of reproduction in living things.
a) _______________________________________________________________________
b) _______________________________________________________________________
c) _______________________________________________________________________
2. Methods of Reproduction
a)Asexual Reproduction
Characteristics:
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
b)Sexual Reproduction
Characteristics:
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
3. Asexual Reproduction in Animals
a) Binary Fission
Definition:_________________________________________________________________
Examples: ________________________________________________________________
b) Budding
Definition: _________________________________________________________________
Examples: _________________________________________________________________
c) Regeneration
Definition: _________________________________________________________________
Examples: _________________________________________________________________
d) Sporongy
Definition:__________________________________________________________________
Examples:_________________________________________________________________
e) Parthenogenesis
Definition: _________________________________________________________________
Examples: ________________________________________________________________
f) Gemmules
Definition:__________________________________________________________________
Examples:_________________________________________________________________
g) Polyembryony
Definition: _________________________________________________________________
Examples:_________________________________________________________________
4. Sexual Reproduction in Plants
a)Definition:_________________________________________________________________
b)Parts of the flower and function
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
5. Asexual Reproduction in Plants
a) Definition:________________________________________________________________
b) Examples:_______________________________________________________________
6. Patterns of Inheritance
a) Incomplete Dominance
Description:_________________________________________________________________
Examples:__________________________________________________________________
b) Codominance
Description:_________________________________________________________________
Examples:__________________________________________________________________
c) Polygenic Inheritance
Description:_________________________________________________________________
Examples: _________________________________________________________________
d) Multiple Alleles
Description: ________________________________________________________________
Examples: _________________________________________________________________
e) Acquired Traits
Description:_________________________________________________________________
Examples:__________________________________________________________________
7. Gender
a) Definition: _______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
8. Sexual Traits
a) Female Primary Sexual Traits
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
b) Female Secondary Sexual Traits
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
c) Male Primary Sexual Traits
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
d) Male Secondary Sexual Traits
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
9. Female Reproductive System
a) Ovary:__________________________________________________________________
b) Cervix:__________________________________________________________________
c) Uterus:_________________________________________________________________
10. Male Reproductive System
a) Testes:__________________________________________________________________
b) Scrotum: ________________________________________________________________
11. Explain the Menstrual Cycle
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
12. Cell structures and Function
a) cell wall:_________________________________________________________________
b) cell membrane:___________________________________________________________
c) ribosomes:_______________________________________________________________
d) vacuoles:________________________________________________________________
e) lysosomes:______________________________________________________________
f) chloroplast:_______________________________________________________________
g) nucleus: ________________________________________________________________
13. Cell Cycle
a)Interphase:________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
b)Mitosis:___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Prophase:
Metaphase:
Anaphase:
Telophase
c)Cytokinesis:_______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
14. Methods for developing organisms with desired traits
a)Selective breeding
Definition:__________________________________________________________________
Types
Inbreeding:_________________________________________________________________
Hybridization:_______________________________________________________________
b)Cloning
Definition:__________________________________________________________________
c) Genetic Engineering
Definition:__________________________________________________________________
15. Draw a Parent Generation from a tall and short plant. Then draw the F1 and F2.
16. DNA Mutations
a)Example of Original DNA: AGTACGGGCC
TCATGCCCGG
(write the mutation from the original DNA )
b) Deletion: _______________________________________________________________
c) Addition:________________________________________________________________
d) Substitution: ____________________________________________________________
17. Cancer
a) Definition: _______________________________________________________________
b) Causes: _________________________________________________________________
c) Treatments: ______________________________________________________________
d) Lead to a mass called: _____________________________________________________
18. Punnet Squares
Complete the Punnet Square to show inheritance of colorblindness, a trait controlled by a
recessive sex linked allele. The parents genotypes are the following: XcY (dad) and XCXc
(mom). Then answer the following questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
What percentage of children will be normal? ______________
What percentage of children will be color blinded? _________
What percentage of children will be carriers? _____________
What are the possible genotypes of the mom? ____________
19.Karyotypes
a) Draw a karyotype with Down Syndrome.
b) Draw a karyotype with Turner's Syndrome.
c) Draw a karyotype with Kleinfelter's Syndrome.
d) Draw a normal karyotype.
20. Genetic Disorders
a) Down Syndrome
Characteristics:
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
b) Cystic Fibrosis
Characteristics:
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
c) Hemophilia
Characteristics:
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
d)Sickle-Cell Disease
Characteristics:
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
21. Human Genome Project
a)Definition:________________________________________________________________
22. Tools and Techniques to know the chances of inheriting a genetic disease.
Explain each.
a) Karyotypes: ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
b) pedigree charts: __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
c) Genetic
counseling:_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
d) Punnet Squares :__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
23. DNA Fingerprinting
a) Advantages:______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
b) Disadvantages: ___________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
24. Genetic Discrimination
a) Explain: _________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
25. Genetic Privacy
a)Explain:__________________________________________________________________
26. Birth Control Methods
Explain the most common birth control methods and how they work.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
27. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Explain the most common STD's, their symptoms and how to prevent them.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
28. Unexpected Pregnancy and factors on deciding how many babies you want to
have.
Explain the consequences of having an unexpected pregnancy and what factors you
need to consider when planning how many babies you want to have.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
29. DNA Bases
a) Mention the four nitrogen bases of DNA and how do they pair up.
__________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________