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Active transport Task 1 Answer the questions about active transport. Try Tasks 2- if you need help answering the questions. 1. Why do cells which carry out a lot of active transport have numerous mitochondria? ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 2. Why does active transport require energy? ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 3. Where does the energy for active transport come from? ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 4. What do you think might limit the rate of active transport? ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 5. How is the digestion and absorption of sugar molecules in the gut connected to active transport? ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 6. If plant root hair cells are deprived of oxygen can you explain why they are unable to absorb mineral ions? ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 7. What do you think would limit the rate of osmosis and diffusion? ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. © www.teachitscience.co.uk 2016 27067 Page 1 of 8 Active transport Task 2 Look at the statements and match them up with the correct process - diffusion, osmosis or active transport. Write your answers in the left hand column. Moves larger molecules and ions into and out of cells. They tend to move from a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated solution, diluting it. Moves substances from areas of low concentration into areas of high concentration. Molecules of water pass through a semi-permeable membrane. Substances move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Task 3 Complete the sentences below. Active transport requires... Active transport uses special... Active transport moves substances... Active transport occurs... to areas of a higher concentration. energy to work. carrier proteins in the cell membrane. across a semi-permeable cell membrane. © www.teachitscience.co.uk 2016 27067 Page 2 of 8 Active transport Task 4 Cut out the diagrams and match them to the correct process in the table below. Diffusion Osmosis Active transport © www.teachitscience.co.uk 2016 27067 Page 3 of 8 Active transport Task 5 Use the statements below to answer the questions in the table. What is 'concentration'? What is meant by 'gradient'? When does a 'concentration gradient' occur? What does active transport do? When the number of particles dissolved in a solution ranges from a low number in one area of the liquid to a high number in another area. The number of particles of a solute, such as glucose, that are dissolved in a (certain amount of) liquid. It moves substances such as ions up a concentration gradient (from low to high). How steep a sloping line or surface is. © www.teachitscience.co.uk 2016 27067 Page 4 of 8 Active transport Task 6 Active transport requires energy. Match up the answers with the questions to find out how cells get energy for active transport. What is respiration? What are mitochondria? What is the role of mitochondria in the process of respiration? What do mitochondria require to carry out respiration? How does oxygen get inside a cell? How do glucose molecules get into a cell? Oxygen and glucose. By diffusion. They are tiny structures found in the cytoplasm of plant and animal cells. Respiration occurs inside mitochondria. By active transport. The chemical process which releases energy from glucose. Task 7 Complete the similes for the following structures. Glucose is like... Amino acids are like... Mitochondria are like... A semi-permeable membrane is like... Carrier proteins are like... a fence power stations © www.teachitscience.co.uk 2016 gates 27067 a fuel building blocks Page 5 of 8 Active transport Teaching notes Active transport is often the 'poor relation' in students' understanding of the movement of substances in and out of cells. These short match-up activities make useful starters, plenaries or revision tasks. Give students the first set of questions (Task 1). Tasks 2-7 are for those who struggle to answer the Task 1 questions fully and will help guide them to a more complete response. The PowerPoint can be used to do the activities as a whole class and to allow for class discussion. This resource links to AQA Trilogy 4.1.3.3. pages 22 and 26 Suggested answers Task 1 1. Respiration occurs in mitochondria. Respiration produces energy for the cell. Energy is used by the cell to open carrier proteins in the cell membrane. These proteins move substances such as amino acids into the cell. This process is known as active transport. More active transport requires more energy and therefore more mitochondria. 2. Energy is used by the cell to open carrier proteins in the cell membrane. 3. The energy for active transport comes from respiration which uses glucose and oxygen to produce ATP, which is used by the cell as a source of energy. 4. The amount of glucose and oxygen; the number of mitochondria; the number of carrier proteins in the cell membrane; the concentration – the rate of active transport is lower in very low concentrations of the required substance. 5. Sugar molecules are broken down by digestion into glucose. Glucose molecules are absorbed by the gut using active transport. Active transport itself requires energy which comes from the respiration of glucose. 6. The absorption of mineral ions is done by active transport. The energy for active transport comes from respiration which uses glucose and oxygen to produce energy. If there is insufficient oxygen the active transport of mineral ions can not take place. 7. The size of the concentration gradient; temperature; surface area and thickness of cell membrane. Task 2 Diffusion Substances move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Osmosis Molecules of water pass through a semi-permeable membrane. They tend to move from a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated solution, diluting it. Active transport Moves larger molecules and ions into and out of cells. Active transport Moves substances from areas of low concentration into areas of high concentration. © www.teachitscience.co.uk 2016 27067 Page 6 of 8 Active transport Task 3 Active transport requires... energy to work. Active transport uses special... carrier proteins in the cell membrane. Active transport moves substances... to areas of higher concentration. Active transport occurs... across a semi-permeable cell membrane. Task 4 Diffusion Osmosis Active transport Diffusion Osmosis Active transport © www.teachitscience.co.uk 2016 27067 Page 7 of 8 Active transport Task 5 What is 'concentration'? The number of particles of a solute, such as glucose, that are dissolved in a (certain amount of) liquid. What is meant by 'gradient'? How steep a sloping line or surface is. When does a 'concentration gradient' occur? When the number of particles dissolved in a solution ranges from a low number in one area of the liquid to a high number in another area. What does active transport do? It moves substances such as ions up a concentration gradient (from low to high) Task 6 What is respiration? The chemical process which releases energy from glucose. What are mitochondria? They are tiny structures found in the cytoplasm of plant and animal cells. What is the role of mitochondria in the process of respiration? Respiration occurs inside mitochondria. What do mitochondria require to carry out respiration? Oxygen and glucose. How does oxygen get inside a cell? By diffusion. How do glucose molecules get into a cell? By active transport. Task 7 Glucose is like... a fuel Amino acids are like... building blocks Mitochondria are like... power stations A semi-permeable membrane is like... a fence Carrier proteins are like... gates © www.teachitscience.co.uk 2016 27067 Page 8 of 8
