Download Biochemistry Test Review Cards

Biochemistry Review Cards
1. What is a chemical
reaction?
2. Which of the following is
an acid?
A process which turns one
set of chemicals into
another by breaking bonds
and creating new ones.
6.7, 4.7, 9.6, 1.3, 8.1
4. Why is water considered
a polar molecule?
5. What makes a solution an 6. What makes a solution a
acid?
base?
There is an uneven sharing of
electrons (oxygen is slightly
negative and hydrogen is slightly
positive)
A larger concentration of H+
ions then HO- ions. (Below 7 on
the pH scale)
A larger concentration of HOions then H+ ions. (Above 7 on
the pH scale)
7. What is cohesion?
8. What is adhesion?
9. Why is water a universal
solvent?
The attraction of like particles (2
or more of the same substance)
ex) water and water
The attraction of different particles
(2 or more different substance)
ex) water and glass
Surface Tension is because of
cohesion
Capillary Action
10. Which of the following
is a base?
11. Organic Compounds
12. What are polymers?
are often called __carbon__
compounds because they all A combination of monomers,
same repeated unit.
contain this element.
6.7, 4.7, 9.6, 1.3, 8.1
3. What is a solution and
how is it different from a
suspension?
A solution has evenly distributed
particles and a suspension has particles
which will not evenly distribute within
the solution.
Water has the ability to dissolve
almost any substance in solution.
Ex) Polysaccharide or
Polypeptide chain
Biochemistry Review Cards
13. What is a monomer?
14. What are the main
elements found in living
organisms?
A single base unit which is made
to create large polymers
CHNOPS
Ex) nucleotide
16. What do living things
use carbohydrates for?
Quick Energy
15. What are the four
groups of organic molecules
found in living things?
Lipids, Carbohydrates, Nucleic
Acids, and Proteins
17. What elements make up 18. What is the ratio of
carbohydrates?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and
Oxygen in a carbohydrate
CHO
molecule?
Always 2H:1O (H20)
19. What is a
polysaccharide?
A large polymer made up of
monosaccharides. This is a type of
carbohydrate which is commonly
called starch.
20. Cellulose is a
___Starch___ that is found
in __Plants__.
21. Carbohydrates are
stored in the liver and
muscles of animals in the
form of
Glycogen
22. What do living things
use lipids for?
23. What is the basic
structure of a lipid?
24. What is the difference
between a saturated and
unsaturated fatty acid?
Stored Energy
Insulation
Large Component of the Cell
Membrane (Phospholipid)
1 Glycerol and 3 Fatty Acids,
Shaped like the letter E
Unsaturated Fats have a double
bond in their fatty acid chain and
saturated does not. Unsaturated
Fats are also liquid at room
temperature and saturated are solid
at room temperature
25. Lipids do not mix with
water because they are
considered to be
___Hydrophobic
(Nonpolar)____
Molecules.
26. Lipids are a key
27. Proteins are used to
component of this portion of help __transport__
a cell.
molecules through the cell
membrane.
Cell Membrane
Biochemistry Review Cards
28. Proteins are polymers
formed from __Amino
Acids____
29. What elements are
found in a protein?
30. Give an example of a
protein.
CHNO(S)
Found in steak and beans
Major structural component in
living organisms, muscle, skin,
hair, etc
Biochemistry Review Cards
31. The monomer for a
nucleic acid is the
___Nucleotide___.
32. What do living things
use nucleic acids for?
33. Identify the parts of a
nucleotide.
Store and Transmit Genetic
Information.
Ribose Sugar
Phosphate Group
Nitrogen Base
Also Cellular Energy (Energy
Currency)
34. Sketch the graph of an
endergonic reaction.
35. Sketch the graph of a
reaction with an enzyme vs.
without an enzyme.
36. Enzymes are a type of
__protein__ that is required
for chemical__ reactions to
Red is with an enzyme and black occur.
is without
37. Enzymes are catalysts.
What does this mean?
38. An enzyme speeds up a
reaction by decreasing
39. What is hydrolysis?
The speed up the rate of a
reaction allowing the reaction to
happen at a quicker pace.
activation energy.
The breaking of a larger
molecule into smaller molecules
using water as a reactant.
40. What is a dehydration
synthesis reaction?
41. In a chemical reaction,
a reactant binds to an
enzyme at a region known
as the active site.
42. What is substrate?
44. Why would
temperature affect the
activity of an enzyme?
45. What are the two parts
of a solution? Provide an
example.
The combining of two smaller
molecules into one larger
molecule, the reaction produces
water.
43. What does denature
mean?
The enzyme no longer works due
to a change in pH or
It changes the structure of the
temperature. The reaction will
enzyme and the active site is no
no longer occur
longer active.
The molecule/compound which
the enzyme is working on. It
attaches to the enzyme at the
active site.
Solvent – Dissolves the solute.
Ex ) water
Solute – The material which is
being dissolved.
Ex) Salt or Sugar
Biochemistry Review Cards