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Name: ___________________________________ Date:________________ Period:_____________
Biology Review Sheet
Biomolecules
Match the following terms to the correct definition:
Organic Compound
Lipids
Glucose
Digestion
Macromolecule
Metabolism
Nutrients
Amino Acids
Enzyme
1.____________________- the processes that break down food to release energy
2.____________________- a simple sugar that cells use for energy
3.____________________- a compound that contains carbon
4.____________________- substances that organisms take in that promote growth & life
processes
5.____________________- the process in which food is broken down to release nutrients
6.____________________- large molecule
7.____________________- a protein that helps start or speeds up a chemical reaction
8.____________________- olive oil, beeswax, vitamins, - made up of carbon & hydrogen
9.____________________- building blocks of proteins
List the 4 major organic compounds and describe their role helping living organisms.
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What 3 elements make up all Carbohydrates?
What is the chemical formula for a carbohydrate?
_____________is broken down in cellular respiration and turned into ______ that gives cells
the energy they need. Name this process.______________ ____________________
Carbohydrates aren’t always sugary. What is the name of the carbohydrate that plants use to
store extra sugar? ______________________ An example is:_____________________
The body almost always converts all dietary starches into
an enzyme called
very quickly by using
.
What condition (disease) do some people have that makes eating breads, potatoes, and other
starches possibly dangerous? _________________What happens?
When amino acids are joined together they form what type of macromolecule?
List the two types of Nucleic Acids and what they are used for.
Enzymes, some hormones, and antibodies are part of which class of biomolecule?
_______________
What are lipid membranes called (scientific name) and what do they do? _________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Give three examples of Lipids._________________________________________________
Lipids are compounds made up of __________ and __________. (look at the drawing)
The class of lipids most commonly consumed are called _________________________.
Describe in detail how enzymes work:
The place where a substrate bonds to an enzyme is called the
Enzyme denaturing happens when an enzyme’s
.
is changed.
Denaturing can be caused by changes in
or
.
One enzyme can catalyze how many chemical reactions? ___________
The reaction rate of an enzyme can be changed by changes in _________ or __________.
Give examples of each:
Proteins Lipids Carbohydrates Nucleic Acid Enzymes -
What is the base unit of a nucleic acid?
Name the three parts of a nucleotide:
(the links in the chain)
,
,&
How can a student tell for sure if a nucleic acid is Deoxyribonucleic acid or Ribonucleic acid?
Use the term pentose ring in your answer.
What is the range of numbers on the pH scale? _____
What do they mean?
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What is the difference between a polymer and a monomer?
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Nucleic Acid
Nucleotide
DNA
RNA
Catalyze
Substrate
Product
Active Site
Amylase
Catalase
Polymerase
Collagen
Buiret
Activation Energy
Fill in the blank using the words listed above.
_____________________- fibrous protein that holds jell-0 together
_____________________- where an enzyme attaches to a substrate
_____________________- indicator for the presence of protein (light blue to violet)
_____________________- increase the rate of
_____________________- enzyme that breaks substrate (Hydrogen Peroxide) to product (O2
and H2O)
_____________________- Deoxyribonucleic Acid – 2 strands, holds genetic info
_____________________- a substance on which an enzyme acts during a chemical reaction
_____________________- energy needed to start a chemical reaction
_____________________- newly formed substance
_____________________- Pentose sugar, phosphate, base
_____________________- Ribonucleic acid, single strand, key role in manufacturing protein
_____________________- an enzyme that breaks starch into sugar
_____________________- an enzyme that can “code” DNA strands and also “proofread” the
strand
_____________________- made up of a chain of nucleotides