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Download 5 The Empire - fleetwoodchampagne
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THE EMPIRE Michelle, Kyler, Kyle, Karina & Tommy What held the Empire together? •Organized government •Organized military •Defended frontiers •Keeping the country at peace PAX ROMANA •Laws which collected taxes to support government & military •Great road system •Good trade The Empire and the Republic Republic Empire A state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote Two meanings •A very large area of land ruled by one country •A territory ruled over by someone called a emperor Differences Between Empire and Republic Republic •Consuls share power and are able to "veto" each other -Elected annually by citizens •Senate advised the consuls - made laws •Tribunes – Elected to protect rights of citizens Empire •Emperor had complete power - Commander in chief - Chief priest •Consuls lost powers •Senate – Court of Law - Governed some Provinces •Tribunes – No power or duties. An honorary position. Rise of the generals • Marius was a consul who reorganized the military •He paid soldiers and had them pledged loyalty directly to generals. •Military leaders who led their legions to conquest had the support of the soldiers by promising them booty & land •Took power by conquering lands without the approval of the Senate •Eventually a powerful general – Julius Caesar –made himself “dictator” •In an effort to save the Republic, the senate murdered Julius Caesar. The Roman Army Very well organized & trained Responsibilities •Make sure the people in the Empire obeyed the Roman government •Build and maintain frontiers & roads. •Guard Frontiers The Army • The Roman army was admired for the quality of its equipment and the discipline of the soldiers. • The army's main jobs were to make sure all the people of the provinces obeyed Roman orders. They were also needed to guard frontiers and to build and maintain roads and forts. • The legions were the commanders of the battlefield they consisted of around 300 men in each group. • Legions had several standards including its own gold or silver eagle. • There was a symbol called the Jupiter king which was a great honor to carry and a great disgrace when the enemies captured it The Frontier • Frontiers are forts used to defend from enemy units. • Two types of frontiers • Natural frontiers such as mountains, seas and rivers. • Man Made Frontiers walls, gates & bridges. • The military built many fortifications or defense walls along the rivers and borders of Rome and some of Mesopotamia. • Ditches and Army camps were built along the giant walls of fortification, many soldiers and nearby civilians lived their whole life there. • Fortifications were as long as 100 km and as tall as 4 m. Roads and Trade • Incredible road construction during the Roman Empire. • About 80,000km of roads spanned the Roman Empire. • Roman roads were primarily made by the legions. • The military used the roads mostly to move soldiers to the frontiers. • Also used for transportation and trade of goods across the country.. • The metals used for commercial transactions were gold, silver, bronze. • Olive oil and wine were Italy's main exports. Video Roman Roads