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Transcript
A Comparative Study of Climate Change and Glacier Loss in the Andes and the Tibetan Plateau Doris Carrion, Rahul D’Sa, Andrew Lyubarsky, Benjamin Shaffer S Introduction S Glacier Loss S Precipitation Variability S Andean Highlands S Roles of El Niño Southern Oscillation and warming trends S Tibetan Plateau S Significance of North Atlantic Oscillation and Indian Monsoon The Andean Highlands S Countries like Peru have lost 25% of their glaciers in the last three decades. S This graph shows the glacier mass balance reduction in the Peruvian Cordillera Blanca since the 1950s. Why Melting in the Andes? S Always seasonal variation in precipitation and temperature S ENSO: normal conditions S ENSO: increasing intensity The Tibetan Plateau S Rapid retreat of glaciers S In the past half-century 80% of glaciers have retreated S Predicted to see a loss of twothirds of all glacial mass by 2050 S Maritime glaciers are particularly susceptible to climate change S Hydrological cycle S Increase in precipitation intensity, decrease in frequency S Increase in low-level clouds, which also increase surface warming – positive feedback loops Halong Glacier, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau 1981(top) v. 2005 (bottom) Conclusions S Global warming is contributing to glacial loss in both regions, with different contributing mechanisms (ENSO/NAO/monsoons). S Warming temperatures may seem to be a boon at first to rural populations (more runoff water, more arable land due to higher temperatures) S However, these benefits are unsustainable. Increased runoff leads to decreases in total glacial water supply, leading to drought in agricultural areas and power generation problems for urban areas. S Strict carbon emissions controls which would lead to lower emissions scenarios would decrease, but not erase the severity of these trends.
