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Carbon Footprinting Workshop 14th February 2013 Agenda 09.00 – 09.10 Introductions & icebreaker 09.10 – 09.40 Principles & definitions of a carbon footprint 09.40 – 10.00 Activity data & Conversion factors 10.00 – 10.10 Break 10.10 – 11.20 Calculating a carbon footprint: case study practice 11.20 – 11.25 Carbon footprinting tools 11.25 – 11.30 Reporting your carbon footprint 11.30 Close Introductions • Grab some notepaper • Get into pairs • Interview your partner. Find out: – their name and organisation – what their organisation does – What it is they want to learn from today’s workshop Make notes - you will be asked to introduce your partner to the group! Objectives of today's workshop • Explain how to identify and categorise carbon emission sources • Provide information and tools on how to calculate a carbon footprint • Embed knowledge gained through a practical exercise using a case study • Provide best practice tips for reporting a carbon footprint • Explore reporting and data monitoring options Climate Change Who Wants to be a Millionaire! 00 01 02 03 04 05 Who won the Nobel Prize for their work on climate change? A: George Bush B: Sir David Attenborough C: Bill Clinton D: Al Al Gore Gore D: 50 : 50 00 01 02 03 04 05 What was the name of the first international agreement to set binding targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions? A: Rio Treaty 1992 B: Kyoto Kyoto Protocol Protocol 1997 1997 B: C: Copenhagen Summit 2009 D: Montreal Protocol 1987 50 : 50 00 01 02 03 04 05 How much carbon dioxide is emitted when we use a kilowatt hour of electricity? A: 119 kgs B: 750 grams C: 0.541 0.541kgs kgs C: D: 2.1 tonnes 50 : 50 00 01 02 03 04 05 What is the average annual carbon footprint of a Camden resident? A: 105 kgs B: 4 tonnes C: C:7.3 7.3tonnes tonnes D: 25.7 tonnes 50 : 50 Principles & definitions of a carbon footprint Within the UK it is estimated that business activities account for about half of all emissions DEFRA SMALL BUSINESS USER GUIDE: Guidance on how to measure and report your greenhouse gas emissions What are greenhouse gases? Gases in the atmosphere that absorb and emit radiation Many greenhouse gases occur naturally Others result exclusively from human industrial processes • Carbon dioxide CO2 • Hydrofluorocarbons HFCs • Methane CH4 • Perfluorocarbons PFCs • Nitrous oxide NO2 • Sulphur hexafluoride SF6 • Water vapour Recommendation: Measure emissions from the six GHGs covered by the Kyoto Protocol where relevant for your organisation What is a carbon footprint? Carbon footprint - The amount of greenhouse gases emitted that your organisation is responsible for, expressed in units of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) Usually in tonnes emitted annually Useful Definitions Carbon Dioxide equivalent – the unit for comparing the ability of other GHGs to change the climate to the ability of CO2 to change the climate, i.e. Methane is 21 times better at absorbing the sun’s energy than CO2 and N2O is about 300 times more effective than CO2. But CO2 is more abundant! Why measure your carbon footprint? • • • • • • • • • Legal compliance – CRC EUETS CCA MER Compensation – offsetting Win business / funding Required by potential clients Motivating for staff – report performance Don’t measure, can’t manage To set an overall reduction target Report to stakeholders Reputation / publicity The consumption of electricity The consumption of fossil fuels in owned transport The disposal of waste The consumption of fossil fuels (boilers, furnaces, etc) The use & disposal of water Staff commuting What are the sources of GHG emissions caused by your organisation’s operations? Bio-mass / bio-fuels Travel for business purposes Fugitive emissions – i.e. leakage of refrigerant Embedded carbon in materials Supply chain emissions Process emissions The use of imported heat & steam Emissions Scopes 1 2 3 Scope 1 (Direct emissions): Activities owned or controlled by your organisation that release emissions directly into the atmosphere Scope 2 (Energy indirect): Emissions being released into the atmosphere associated with your consumption of purchased electricity, heat, steam and cooling. Emissions do not occur on site. Scope 3 (Other indirect): Emissions that are a consequence of your actions, which occur at sources which you do not own or control and which are not classed as scope 2 emissions Emissions Scopes Recommendation: Recommended: Measure and calculate emissions that fall into scopes 1 and 2 Discretionary: Measure and calculate your significant scope 3 emissions Identifying the boundary of your footprint at the organisation level Organisational boundary defines which parts of the organisation will be included in the emissions measurement and how to incorporate emissions from joint venture and subsidiaries. Recommendation: Option 1: Equity share or % of ownership approach - % of Measure and calculate your organisation’s total emissions on financial stake a global basis Option 2: Control approach – regardless of financial stake, take 100% responsibility for emissions. Choose from: Recommendation: – Financial control approach: the ability to control the financial and operating policies ofapproach the operationconsistently with a view to gaining economic Apply your chosen and for most benefits from its activities. organisations this will be the financial control approach – Operational control approach: the full authority to introduce and implement its operating policies. Identifying the operational boundary of your carbon footprint Defining the operational boundary involves identifying which emission sources within the organisation boundary to include in the measurement. Can be set by schemes such as CRCEES, Carbon Trust Standard, MER, 10:10 campaign, etc Exercise 1: identifying the boundary • • • • Working in groups Read the case study Establish the boundary of the carbon footprint Establish which emissions sources occur within this boundary • Split the emissions sources into scopes • Answers & Discussion • 10 minutes Case Study Answers: Exercise 1 Building Head Office Kitchen Transport Depot Other (all) Emission Sources Emission scope Gas 1+3 Electricity 2+3 Water 3 Recycling 3 Gas 1+3 Electricity 2+3 Water 3 Refrigerant Leakage 1 Food waste 3 Food purchasing 3 Plastic wrapping purchasing 3 Electricity 2+3 Water 3 Diesel 1+3 LPG 1+3 Staff commuting 3 Principles Recommendation: Develop a re-calculation policy for when your baseline and emissions will be re-calculated, for example, mergers, acquisitions, discovery of significant errors Activity data and conversion factors Activity Data – some common questions • What data will you need? • How will you get this data? • How can you make sense of energy bills? What data will you need? • Any data on the things that your organisation does that results in a GHG emission or removal, for example: – Amount of electricity in kWh – Amount of fuel consumed – either in litres (preferred) or using proxy data (vehicle type and mileage) – Scope 3 transport e.g. long haul flight mileage • Try to collect data on volume or mass as its more accurate • Aim to capture at least 90% of your organisation’s carbon footprint How will you get this data? • Utilities bills (gas, electric, water, waste) • Monitoring utilities use (daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly) • Staff surveys (e.g. commuting) • Purchase invoices (e.g. £’s spent on paper) • From appliance model specification (e.g. refrigerant leakage) • Information from contractors – waste and recycling N.B. Data will need to be converted in to correct format How will you get data? Tips for dealing with Landlords • Legal right to information if Landlord recovers costs via a service charge • Big sites – mandatory half hourly data • Negotiation on lease arrangements (in current climate) • Read your own meters – Landlord should allow access to meter or bills. Elec (kWh) gas (convert from m3 to kWh) • Automatic Meter Readings (AMRs) Activity Data – some more common questions • What do you do if you have missing data? • What do you do if you have data in the wrong format? • When should you collect data? What do you do if you have missing data? • Use best guess data – e.g. 2011 data if no 2012 data available • Take an average – e.g. average monthly use if missing a few months data (beware of season) • Worst case scenario take benchmark and multiply by floor area Record any methodology in carbon footprint report and aim for complete data collection next year. What do you do if you have data in the wrong format? • DEFRA tool accepts different data formats (e.g. miles, Km’s and litres) • Use conversion tables to convert into necessary format (e.g. therms to kWh) • Use proxy data (e.g. miles travelled and vehicle type vs actual fuel consumption) When should you collect data? • Use the financial year (your organisation’s) • Select the earliest data you can get for your first carbon footprint – your baseline • Beware of time lag for information collection. Definition Emissions conversion factors The factors that we use to tell us how much carbon has been emitted from our activities, i.e. consuming 1 kWh of electricity emits 0.51694kgs/CO2, or 0.52037kgs/CO2e (2012) Published for the UK by DEFRA, updated annually. These are unique for each country. Carbon conversion calculation Activity • Consumption of eElectricity • Consumption of Transport Fuel Unit • kWh Electricity • Litres Diesel Conversion • 1 kWh X 0.5204kgs/CO2e • 1 Litre x 2.584kgs/CO2e / by 1000 to convert to tonnes Result • Greenhouse gas emissions (tnCO2e) Break Calculating a carbon footprint using a case study DEFRA GHG Tool Demo Main activity – Calculating the carbon footprint • In your groups, using the laptop • Open up the link titled ‘DEFRA tool’ • Calculate the consumption figures for each emissions source within the whole organisation boundary and then enter them into the right part of the tool • Deal with uncertainty (there is some missing data) • Add up the total CO2e and record this in the answer sheet provided in your packs (page 3) • Note key decisions in method – these are needed for your report • Answers & Discussion Case Study Answers: Exercise 2 Camden Cuisine Ltd Greenhouse Gas Emissions data for period April 1st 2011 to 31st March 2012 Scope 1 Head office gas – 80 000 kWh (400 000/5 = 80 000) Kitchen gas – 30 000 kWh Tonnes of CO2e Table 1d – SCOPE 1 COLUMN 16.440 Table 1d – SCOPE 1 COLUMN TOTAL GAS 110 000 kWh 22.605 Kitchen Refrigerant leakage – Transport Diesel – 8000 litres Transport LPG – 7500 litres 6.165 Table 8b – operation / industrial refrigeration 0.15 (£3800 x 2 = £7600, £7600/0.95 = 8000) Table 1d or 6a – SCOPE 1 COLUMN Table 6a – SCOPE 1 COLUMN 20.668 11.495 Scope 2 Head office electricity – 60 000 kWh (300 000/5 = 60 000) 31.222 Table 3c (electricity consumed) – SCOPE 2 COLUMN Kitchen electricity - 40 000 kWh Table 3c (electricity consumed) – SCOPE 2 COLUMN 20.815 Transport electricity – 25 000 kWh TOTAL ELECTRICITY 125 000 kWh (50 000/2 = 25 000 kWh) 13.009 Table 3c (electricity consumed) – SCOPE 2 COLUMN 65.046 Standard Practice total gross emissions 119.964 Case Study Answers: Exercise 2 Scope 3 Head office gas – 80 000 kWh (400 000/5 = 80 000) Kitchen gas – 30 000 kWh Table 1d – SCOPE 3 COLUMN 1.669 Table 1a – SCOPE 3 COLUMN 0.637 Transport Diesel – 8000 litres (£3800 x 2 = £7600, £7600/0.95 = 8000) 4.670 Table 1b or 6a – SCOPE 3 COLUMN Table 6a – SCOPE 3 COLUMN 1.439 Transport LPG – 7500 litres Head office electricity – 60 000 kWh Kitchen electricity - 40 000 kWh (300 000/5 = 60 000) 4.167 Table 3c (electricity consumed) – SCOPE 3 COLUMN Table 3c (electricity consumed) – SCOPE 3 COLUMN 2.778 Transport electricity – 25 000 kWh (50 000/2 = 25 000 kWh) Table 3c (electricity consumed) – SCOPE 3 COLUMN (800/5 = 160 m3) Table 9a - treatment and supply 1.736 Head office water – 160 m3 0.168 Head office recycling – 2080kg per year = 2.08 tonnes Kitchen food purchasing - £25 000 Kitchen plastic purchasing £5000 Table 14b Table 13 – Line: 15 Table 13 – Line: 25.2 0.436 24.232 4.253 Case Study Answers: Exercise 2 Scope 3 Kitchen food waste – 2400kg = 2.4 tonnes Table 14b 1.680 Kitchen water – 1000m3 Table 9a - treatment and supply 1.053 Transport Deport water – 250 m3 Table 9a - treatment and supply 0.263 Staff Commuting Tube (London Underground) Staff Commuting Bus Table 6k 4.697 Table 6k – London bus 2.881 Staff Commuting Cycling 0 Staff Commuting Walking 0 Staff Commuting Motorbike Table 6j 0.916 Staff Commuting Small petrol car Table 6b 1.428 Total Scope 3 59.103 Best practice total gross emissions 179.067 Carbon footprinting tools Tools & Support • Camden Climate Change Alliance - www.camdencca.org; RAFT • Islington Climate Change Partnership – www.islingtonclimatechangepartnership.org.uk • Carbon Trust Website, Tool & Workshops - http://www.carbontrust.com • World Resource Institute’s Greenhouse Gas Protocol http://www.ghgprotocol.org/ most widely used international accounting tool for government and business leaders to understand, quantify, and manage greenhouse gas emissions • Defra GHG conversion spreadsheet http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/business/reporting/conversionfactors.htm Carbon Footprint Support and Standards • DEFRA - guidance on how to measure and report your greenhouse gas emissions (All businesses) (Free) • DEFRA - SMALL BUSINESS USER GUIDE: Guidance on how to measure and report your greenhouse gas emissions (Free) • Carbon Trust Standard - developed by the Carbon Trust to encourage good practice in carbon measurement, management and reduction by businesses and public sector organisations (Free to obtain a copy of the rules, certification fees apply) • ISO 50001:2011 – International standard in energy management, through the development of an EnMS (preview of guidelines is free but certification fees apply) Reporting Reporting • Consider who the report is for, how will they use it? (this affects what you put in it) – Recommendation: – to make decisions i.e. on investment or project approvals your report would to include Select and report- on a baseline yearneed which should be the associated costs and a note on its accuracy earliest date for which verifiable emissions data is available – to report performance internally / externally - your report would need to provide the information needed by others and be written in a way that they can follow – for further analysis - your report might need to contain more of the raw data rather than a simple summary – Etc Reporting cont… • Section 1: Description – – – – • Section 2: Method statement – – – – • Purpose of report and approved uses Boundaries – organisational and operational Scope – what’s in, what’s out, why Time period and frequency of reporting The conversion factors and tools you used Who provided data, what format it came in What data was missing and why Any assumptions made, ‘filler’ calculations, etc Section 3: The Footprint – Totals of emissions by activity, scope, department, site, etc – Comparison with past footprints – how and why has it changed? – Benchmarks – mainly by site • Section 4: Management – Current performance – scenarios & projections – will you meet your target? – Action plan(s) for reduction – key milestones for this year – Action plan for carbon management – training, data improvement, policy & strategy, resources • • Section 5: Verification statement (3rd party?) Other? Example Corporate Carbon Footprint from DEFRA Recommendation: You should report total GHG emissions as a gross figure in tonnes of CO2e You may report net emissions after offsets and green tarriff You may use an appropriate intensity ratio to compare performance over time Reporting: the Camden Climate Change Alliance • Annual submissions requested from all members • Absolute footprints (scopes 1 and 2) used to calculate the Alliance’s overall carbon footprint and (hopefully) reduction figure • Companies can submit in variety of different ways: – Their own format (using guidelines we’ve discussed above) – Raw energy usage data – Using the Alliance’s RAFT (Reporting and Footprint Tracker) The RAFT Reporting: the Islington Climate Change Partnership • Annual submissions requested from all members • Carbon emissions (minimum scope 1) from all members used to calculate the Partnership’s overall carbon footprint • Members receive a report based on their submissions • Members can submit in variety of different ways: – Their own format – Raw energy usage data – Using the Partnership’s unique login on Systems Link online ICCP online reporting tool Organisation name Upcoming Alliance and ICCP Events • Climate Week 2013: March 4-10 – – – – List of events here List of events here List of events here List of events here • Green Sky Thinking Series – Think Green, Act Local!: 18th April 6:30-8:30pm The Hub Kings Cross. Hosted by ICCP & Conisbee. Thank You Please complete your feedback forms before leaving today.