Download Vulnerability of freshwater lenses on Tarawa (The role of

Survey
yes no Was this document useful for you?
   Thank you for your participation!

* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project

Document related concepts

German Climate Action Plan 2050 wikipedia , lookup

Heaven and Earth (book) wikipedia , lookup

Global warming wikipedia , lookup

ExxonMobil climate change controversy wikipedia , lookup

Climate sensitivity wikipedia , lookup

Climate change feedback wikipedia , lookup

2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference wikipedia , lookup

Climate resilience wikipedia , lookup

Climate engineering wikipedia , lookup

Climate change denial wikipedia , lookup

Effects of global warming on human health wikipedia , lookup

Climate governance wikipedia , lookup

Politics of global warming wikipedia , lookup

Economics of global warming wikipedia , lookup

Attribution of recent climate change wikipedia , lookup

Citizens' Climate Lobby wikipedia , lookup

Solar radiation management wikipedia , lookup

Effects of global warming wikipedia , lookup

Climate change in Australia wikipedia , lookup

Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme wikipedia , lookup

Climate change adaptation wikipedia , lookup

Scientific opinion on climate change wikipedia , lookup

Climate change and agriculture wikipedia , lookup

Media coverage of global warming wikipedia , lookup

Climate change in the United States wikipedia , lookup

Public opinion on global warming wikipedia , lookup

Surveys of scientists' views on climate change wikipedia , lookup

Effects of global warming on humans wikipedia , lookup

Years of Living Dangerously wikipedia , lookup

IPCC Fourth Assessment Report wikipedia , lookup

Climate change, industry and society wikipedia , lookup

Climate change and poverty wikipedia , lookup

Climate change in Tuvalu wikipedia , lookup

Transcript
Vulnerability of
freshwater lenses
on Tarawa
(the role of hydrological monitoring in
determining sustainable yield.)
Outline of the presentation
1) HISTORY OF GROUNDWATER
DEVELOPMENT.
a) 1960’s investigations and findings
b) 1999’s and 2000’s investigation and
findings
2) DISCUSSIONS/CONCLUSION
Lessons learnt
Brief on Kiribati
Kingdom of Tonga
Map of Tarawa
Aerial Photo of Bonriki water reserves
Some basic facts about Climate Change
By the year 2050
• Sea level is likely to increase by 23-43 cm
•Air temp between 0.9-1.3 deg cent.
•Change in rainfall between –10.7% and 7.1 %
•ENSO – more of it.
WORLD BANK STUDY (2000)
By the Year 2050
•If the rainfall decreases by 10%
•If sea level rises by 0.4m
•If the island width is reduced by inundation
•Groundwater thickness would
decrease by up to 38%
•US$0.7m to $1.4 million per year
Boreholes
History of groundwater
development
1960’s and 1970’s
 Kirk, Grundy and Partners (1961)
 Wilton and Bell, Dobbie and Partners
(1967)
 Mather in 1973
 Wagner in 1977

To name a few
Findings
Some (Richard etc) said that
Bonriki could not sustain itself
while others (DHC) said that
Bonriki and Buota could
supply 750m3/day and
250m3/day.
1990’s and 2000
 Tony Falkland, Ian White and others
Findings
 Bonriki and Buota could yield at
least 1000 m3/day and 300 m3/day
respectively.
Discussion/Conclusion
A number
of pacific countries rely
on groundwater for freshwater
Climate change will affect our
groundwater
Based on years of experiences,
borehole monitoring is probably the
best way to monitor groundwater
Initial Cost borehole:
AUS$100,000 - $200,000
Cost due Climate Change:
US$0.7m - $1.4 million