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Sentences
Simple
Compound
Complex
Clauses
Independent/Main Clause:
– Has subject and predicate
– Expresses a complete idea
– Stands alone as a complete sentence
Dependent/Subordinate Clause:
– MUST have a subject and predicate (Write in)
– Does not express a complete thought
– Cannot stand alone as a complete sentence
– Adds detail to the independent clause
Simple Sentences
Simple sentence = Independent/Main Clause
Expresses a complete thought
Has a subject and predicate
Ex: Esta went to Mary Lin Elementary.
Simple Subjects &
Complete Subjects
The simple subject tells you who or what is
doing the action in the sentence, not including
any details about that person or thing.
– 1 word noun or pronoun
Ex: A short, fat boy with red hair ran down
the street crying.
– Boy = simple subject
– A short, fat boy with red hair = complete subject
*All extra words in complete subject are just
describing
Simple Predicates &
Complete Predicates
The simple predicate tells you what the main
action in the sentence is
- the Verb in the sentence
Ex: Anthony flew on a huge, stinky plane
over the holidays.
– Flew = simple predicate
– Flew on a huge, stinky plane over the holidays =
complete predicate
*All other words in the predicate are just adding
details
Compound Subjects
Sometimes a simple sentence has more than
one subject that shares one predicate.
Ex: Max and his family drove to Florida.
– Max and his family = compound subject
*2 or more separate people but doing the same
action
*The subjects are joined by a conjunction, but you
cannot separate the sentence into two
sentences.
Ex: Chase and Drew giggled all day long.
Compound Predicates
Sometimes a simple sentence has one
subject doing two or more actions.
Ex: Quinn likes to read and loves football.
– Quinn is one subject
– This sentence give 2 verbs telling what he is
doing: likes, loves
*The two actions are joined by a conjunction, but
you cannot separate the sentence into two
sentences.
Ex: Danny walked through the park and went
home.
Fragments & Run-ons
A sentence fragment is a group of words that
does not express a complete thought and
cannot stand alone as a sentence.
– Ex: run fast
A run-on is a group of words that forms more
than one complete sentence and is
incorrectly joined together.
– Grace is a performer Kaylin is a performer, too.
Practice:
Johnny burned his hand.
A terrible accident.
He went to the hospital and got some
medicine.
Phoebe and Hannah went to a crazy party!
They ran into their enemy there.
She threw a drink on them and ran away!
Jermaine and Christina laughed when they
heard the story.
Compound Sentences
A compound sentence is a sentence that is
made up of 2 or more simple sentences
– The simple sentences are joined by a comma
AND conjunction OR a semi-colon (;)
– MUST have another subject after the comma/conj
– HINT: To see if it is a compound sentence, cover
the conjunction and make sure you have a
complete sentence on each side!!!
Ex: Nat boarded the ship, and the crowd
waved.
What is compound in each sentence?
Antonio and his family value a good
education.
Simon read about the military, and he did his
homework.
Seth played football and took a nap.
Austin and Zion worked on their project.
Sara studied for her test, and Grace watched
t.v.
LaTaeya read a book and went outside.
Complex Sentences
A complex sentence is made up of an
independent clause and at least one
dependent clause
– The dependent clause can come before or after
the independent clause. If it comes before, put a
comma after it.
Ex: After they finished studying, Genevieve
and Kendall went to the movies.
Ex: Genevieve and Kendall went to the
movies after they finished studying.
Compound-Complex Sentences
A compound-complex sentence is made
up of at least one dependent clause and
two or more independent clauses.
Ex: Even though he prefers to eat with a
fork, he uses chopsticks at a Chinese
restaurant, but it is hard for him.
More Compound-Complex…
Ex: Whenever I go to the movies, I eat
popcorn, but it gets stuck in my teeth!
Ex: If I get straight A’s, my mom will buy
me a cell phone, so I have to study
really hard.
Ex: I love to go to parties, so I always
ask my mom whenever I am invited to
one.