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Objective 2…TAKS
10th and 11th grades
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Questions from TAKS regarding cell functions :
Questions from TAKS regarding DNA:
Questions from TAKS regarding genetics
Questions from TAKS regarding classification
Questions from TAKS regarding body systems
Interactive non-TAKS quizzes on the internet
Link to 10th grade study guide
Scroll to p.265 for objective 2
Link to 11th grade study guide
Scroll to p.310 for objective 2
Objective
2
Homeostasis
21 questions over homeostasis
Cells- What
they do
Great interactive animations over cell structures
6 questions over diffusion
Great interactive animations over cell transport
7 ques. Cell structure quiz
8 ques. Cellular energy quiz
8 ques. Cell division quiz
DNA/ RNA
Interactive DNA replication and protein synthesis animation
Tutorial 12.1 Transcription then click on animation
Tutorial 12.3 Protein Synthesis
8 questions DNA replication
Protein synthesis movie
31
ques
quiz
over
all of
obj. 2
Genetics
Kingdoms:
Bacteria (2)
Protists
Fungi
Animals
Plants
Body
systems
25 ques. Genetics quiz
Heredity in Families....Pedigree animation
Down syndrome animation
Box game of D,K,P,C,O,F,G,S….choose Unit 5, Chap. 17
7 ques. Classification quiz
8 ques. Kingdom quiz
8 ques. Body Systems quiz
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Back to Cell functions
Cell functions
Go to: Osmosis
Go to: Cell Energy and parts
Go to: Cell division
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When a sea urchin egg is removed
from the ocean and placed in
freshwater, the egg swells and
Osmosis is the movement of water
bursts. Which
of these
causes
through
a membrane
from cleaner
“high concentration”
water to enter
the
egg?
to less
clean
“lower
concentration”.
Ocean water (because of its salt)
F Coagulation
is the lower concentration.
G Sodium pump
Freshwater (less salt) is the high
H Active transport
concentration.
J Osmosis
34
4. Histamine is a polar chemical that can lead to an allergic response
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when it is released by the body’s immune system. An antihistamine
is a drug that can help prevent the allergic reactions associated with
histamine. An antihistamine is a similar molecule to histamine in
size, shape, and polarity. How does an antihistamine most likely
Real
prevent the effects of histamine?
histamine
A It increases the diffusion of histamine across the membranes of
target cells.
B It binds to histamine receptors on the surfaces of target cells.
C It causes target cells to increase production of histamine receptors.
D It blocks histamine receptors found in the cytoplasm of target cells.
Model
histamine
antihistamine
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Starch is a solute.
Which
would
most
Osmosis is when ‘cleaner water’ (in this case ‘distilled’)
likely
the liquida in
Tube A toto
rise?
wantscause
to go through
membrane
‘less clean water’ (in
F
Starch
being equal on each side of the
this
case,concentrations
‘starchy’).
membrane
Tube B water goes through the Dialysis membrane
G
Waterthe
passing
from a region of lower starch
toward
Tube A.
concentration
to one
higher starchtoconcentration
Water goes from
highofconcentration
low
H
Water and starch
theatsame
concentration.
Or if volumes
you wantbeing
to look
it from the solute
J
Solute
in the tubes
changing
from‘less
a higher
point
of
view…the
water
goes
from
solution’
The solute (starch) doesn’t go through this solute
membrane.
temperature
to a
lower temperature
to ‘more solute
solution.’
14
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The illustration above shows a cell model with
starch solutions both inside and outside the cell.
In which of the following situations will the
solution rise highest in the tube?
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Which molecule
provides most of
the energy used
to drive
chemical
reactions in
cells?
F DNA
G RNA
H ATP
J ADP
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30
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Energy conversion within an
animal cell would be severely
limited by removal of the
cell’s
—
Mitochondria use oxygen and sugar to
recharge ADP’s into ATP’s (cell energy source.)
A mitochondria
Animal cells don’t have chloroplasts. Plants do.
B chloroplasts
Animal cells don’t have plastids (for photosynthesis.)
C plastids
Lysosomes help with digestion of food & recycling.
D lysosomes
27
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Why are photosynthesis and cellular
respiration often considered opposites?
Respiration produces more
ATP’s than photosynthesis.
F Photosynthesis
produces
twice as many
ATP molecules as cellular respiration
does.
FALSE. is released during photosynthesis
G Water
and consumed during cellular respiration.
Respiration occurs at all times.
H Photosynthesis
occurs during the day,
and cellular respiration occurs at night.
J Oxygen is produced during
photosynthesis and used during cellular
respiration.
18
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Which structure regulates gas exchange
during the processes of photosynthesis
and respiration?
AQ
BR
CS
DT
Gases go
in here!
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O
2 2
CO
11
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Amino acids are the units of proteins,
Lipids are fats.
Your stomach adds the HCl to the food.
Food provides the human body with all of the
following except —
F calories
G amino acid
H hydrochloric acid
J lipids
8
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DNA molecules separate into single
strands, which are then used to construct
two identical strands of DNA. This process
ensures that the —
A cytoplasm is in equilibrium
B mitochondria are genetically identical to
the chloroplasts
C parent cells use little ATP
D daughter cells are genetically identical to
the parent cells
21
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If a cat has 38 chromosomes in
each of its body cells, how many
chromosomes will be in each
daughter cell after mitosis?
F 11
G 19
H 38
J 76
If it said “after meiosis”
then you would half the
number.
26
Back to DNA
DNA
Go to: DNA
Go to: Protein Synthesis
Go to: Mutations
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In DNA, which of the following
determines the traits of an
organism?
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F Amount of adenine
G Number of sugars
H Sequence of nitrogen bases
J Strength of hydrogen bonds
38
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Which molecule is most responsible for
determining an organism’s eye color, body
structure, and cellular enzyme production?
A Complex starch
B Fatty acid
C Carbohydrate
D Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
45
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sugar of DNAare found in a DNA
All of theThe
following
molecule except —
The A’s, T’s, C’s, G’s of DNA
A carbon dioxide
Part of the backbone of DNA
B deoxyribose
The nitrogenous bases of DNA
C nitrogen
The rails of the ladder
D phosphate
33
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Which of the following nucleotide base
sequences complements the section of DNA
modeled above?
F 5′UTCGCA3′
G 5′TTAGCG3′
H 5′GCGATT3′
A’s go to T’s.
J 5′TTUCGC3′
C’s go to G’s.
36
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This chart shows the results of an experiment performed in the 1920s using a
bacterial species that causes pneumonia in humans. The experiment
involved several procedures using two different bacterial strains, R and S.
What is a possible explanation for the results in Group 2?
A Living S-strain bacteria can transform into a pathogenic form of R-strain
bacteria.
B Living R-strain bacteria are controlled by a mouse’s immune system.
C Dead S-strain bacteria can cause disease.
D Dead R-strain bacteria can confer resistance to S-strain bacteria.
9
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Which of the following best describesHome
the question this set of procedures was
designed to answer?
A Can a substance from dead bacteria
transform living bacteria?
B Can R bacterial cells survive
heating?
C Can dead bacterial cells confer
immunity to a living host?
D Can bacterial cells be isolated from a
healthy host?
25
Back to DNA
Transcription:
messenger RNA (m-RNA)
DNA
passes the
information
RNA during
the
copies
DNA tocode
for the
process
of —
protein
that needs to be made.
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F transcription
G active transport
H regeneration
J osmosis
m -RNA
DNA
34
Home
If the template of a strand of
DNA is 5' AGATGCATC 3',
the complementary strand
will be —
F 3' TCTACGTAG 5'
Both are DNA. No 3'
“U’s”.
G 5' CTACGTAGA
A’s go to T’s. C’s go to G’s.
H 3' AGATGCATC 5'
J 5' AGACGTCTA 3'
24
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Which of these represents the
DNA segment from which this
section of mRNA was
DNA A T C G
transcribed?
mRNA U A G C
A ACTAAG
B TCUTTG
C GAAUCU
D UCCTGA
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33
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The assembly of a messenger RNA strand that normally begins with
UAC has been changed so that the newly assembled messenger
RNA strand begins with UAG. Which of the following will most likely
occur?
A The protein will be missing the first amino acid.
B The amino acids that make up the protein will all be different.
C The mRNA will become attached to a ribosome.
D The production of the protein will be stopped.
27
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GA
A AGA
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Use this chart for the next question.
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normal
Mutated has one substitution.
The chain above represents three codons. Which
of the following changes would be expected in the
amino acid chain if the mutation shown above
occurred?
Onlyamino
if there had
been
a deletion of
3 or more
F The
acid
sequence
would
be letters.
shorter
than expected.
AGA codes for arginine, and ACA codes for threonine.
G The identity of one amino acid would change.
H The
amino
sequence
would
remain
AGA
codes acid
for arginine,
and ACA
codes for
threonine.
unchanged.
J The
Thisidentities
can happenof more than one amino acid
when
only one or two letters are added or deleted.
would
change.
26
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Mutations in DNA molecules can
Replication
occur
when —
F replication of DNA is exact
G a DNA enzyme attaches to an
RNA codon
H RNA codons are replaced by
DNA nucleotides
J a change occurs in DNA
nucleotide bases 22
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Ultraviolet radiation can cause mutations in
the DNA of skin cells that have been
overexposed to the sun. This mutated DNA
has no effect on future offspring because —
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F changes in skin cell DNA are homozygous
recessive
G mutations must occur within the RNA
codons
H offspring reject parental skin cells
J only changes to gamete DNA can be
inherited
26
Genetics and Heredity
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to
genetic
s
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Dad = GgBb and Mom = ggBB
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genetic
s
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Definitely mom will give all offspring a “B”
for green eyes.
According to the table, which of the
following phenotypes would probably occur
in all the offspring from the parents shown
above?
F Solid gray fur
G Striped gray fur
H Green eyes
J Blue eyes
40
If an organism has the genotype RrSsTtUu,
what proportion of its gametes will be
RSTU?
RrSsTtUu
●½,
4 = 16
2
●¼,
●1/8,
Rr
●1/16.
21 = 2
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genetic
s
RrSs
22 = 4
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RrSsTt
23 = 8
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s
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What is a probable reason why increased uses of anitbiotics
are causing more bacteria to be resistant to those antibiotics?
A The bacteria get used to an antibiotic.
B There are always individuals in a population that
were created resistant. Those individuals
and their clones are outnumbering the non-resistant strains.
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to
genetic
s
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A pea plant with the genotype TtWW is
crossed with a pea plant with the genotype
ttWw. How many different genotypes can be
expressed in the offspring?
F1
TW
tW
G2
H3
TtWW
ttWW
tW
J4
tw
TtWw
ttWw
46
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genetic
s
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What trait will most
likely be observed
in all
offspring of the
above set of
parents?
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s
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The male feathers
will ensure that all the offspring green.
A Green
Half the offspring
will be carriers for yellow.
B Yellow
feathers
Half thebeak
offspring will have long beaks but will be carriers for
C Long
short.
The other
half of the offspring will have short beaks.
D Short
beak
53
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genetic
s
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s
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Coat color in mice varies greatly, ranging
from black to grizzly gray, black-and-white,
spotted,
or white. The nucleus from a body cell of
Egg and sperm from black mice.
a grizzly-gray mouse is fused with an egg from a
black mouse from which the nucleus has been
DNA added
removed. The egg beginsGrizzly-gray
to divide
and is then
transplanted
into a female white mouse. What will
Black mouse
fertilized
egg’s
DNA removed.
be the
most
likely coat color of the offspring?
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genetic
s
F Black
G Black with white spots
H Grizzly gray
J White
36
Home
The diagram represents the chromosomes
of aThere
person
with
a
genetic
disorder
caused
should be 2 chromosomes
by (one
nondisjunction,
in one
which
from the egg and
fromthe
the sperm)
in all the 23 spots.
chromosomes
fail to separate properly.
Which chromosome set displays
nondisjunction?
F2
G8
H 21
J 23
There are 3 chromosomes instead of two.
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s
22
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Classification
Go to: Naming
Go to: Kingdoms
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classification
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The bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, is
most closely related to the —
F spotted chorus frog, Pseudacris
Things in the same
clarki
genus are related to
G Asian
flying frog, Polypedates
each other.
leucomystax
H northern leopard frog, Rana
pipiens
J African bullfrog, Pyxicephalus
adspersus 12
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classification
Which of these
classifications is most
specific?
A Family
B Genus K, P, C, O, F, G, S
C Phylum
D Order
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49
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Dogs (Canis familiaris) are most
closely related genetically to
which of the following
organisms?
A African hunting dog (Lycaon
pictus)
B Gray wolf (Canis lupus)
C Grizzly bear (Ursus arctos)
D Domestic cat (Felis catus)
1
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A laboratory investigation included
examining prepared slides of pond water.
Single-celled organisms with a nucleus and
either cilia or flagella were visible. These
organisms probably belong to the kingdom
—
These 3 kingdoms
Back to
classification
are normally
multicellular,
F Animalia though there are
unicellular
G Fungi some
fungi, but the fungi
H Plantae would not have
cilia or flagella.
J Protista
4
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classification
One characteristic shared
by a virus and a living cell
is that both —
F store genetic information
in nucleic acids
G have a crystalline
structure
H gain energy directly from
the sun
J use glucose for respiration
42
Parasites need a method of traveling
from one host to another to continue their species.
Home
Which of the following
factors helps spread
disease-causing bacteria?
F Low temperatures
G Access to new hosts
H Mutation by heat energy
J Availability of light
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classification
14
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classification
This organism most likely is a member of
which kingdom?
F Eubacteria
G Protista
H Animalia
J Plantae
Single cell with nucleus
32
The kingdom Animalia
includes all of these
except —
A jellyfish
B sponges
C amoebas
D roundworms
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Protista
31
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classification
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Multicellular eukaryotes that are
usually mobile and obtain food
from other organisms probably
belong to the kingdom —
Multicellular, but make their own food.
A Plantae
Multicellular fungi are not mobile.
B Fungi
C Animalia
D Protista
Unicellular usually.
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classification
37
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Some zooplankton belong to the kingdom
Protista. Members of this kingdom are
characterized as —
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classification
A having segmented bodies with jointed
appendages
B containing one or more eukaryotic cells
C laying eggs with a leathery protective shell
D having a four-chambered heart
Kingdom Protista is mostly unicellular eukaryotes,
with some multicellular plantlike organisms.
17
Some bacteria thrive in hostile
environments, such as salt flats, boilinghot springs, and carbonate-rock interiors,
primarily because of bacteria’s —
F biochemical diversity Diversity means ‘differences’.
G small sizes
H round shapes
J methods of movement
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2
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classification
Square cell
Nucleus
Walls
Chloroplasts
Big center vacuole of water.
The cell above most likely belongs to an organism of
the kingdom —
F Animalia
G Plantae
H Fungi
J Eubacteria
38
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Compared to annual rings of trees
that have experienced years of
sufficient rainfall, the
annual rings of trees that have
experienced a dry period will —
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classification
F be softer
G grow at a faster rate
H be thinner
J photosynthesize at a faster rate
52
The diagram illustrates the parts
of this flower. Which of these
parts are not directly involved in
sexual reproduction?
A Stigma and style
B Sepal and pedicel
C Anther and filament
D Receptacle and ovary
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3
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This animal most likely belongs to phylum
A Porifera
B Annelida
This animal is segmented but these
are NOT jointed legs.
C Mollusca
D Arthropoda
53
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systems
Body systems
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Nutrients from digested food
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move from the digestive
system directly into the —
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systems
A circulatoryBlood
system
B integumentary
system
Skin/hair/nails
C excretory Urine/kidneys
system
D endocrineHormones
system
29
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systems
Which system of the body would be directly
affected if a large number of T cells were
attacked by a virus?
A Cardiovascular
Blood system
and heart
B Immune system
White blood cells
C EndocrineHormones
system
D Respiratory
system
Breathing/lungs
41
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systems
The diagram
represents a human
arm. Which structure
is most responsible
for moving the arm
to a straighter
position?
A Tendons of origin
B Biceps
C Radius
When a muscle contracts,
D Triceps
it gets shorter.
29
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A portion of the human excretory system is
represented in the diagram. The order in which
urine flows through the system is —
F urethra → bladder → ureter → kidney
G ureter → kidney → bladder → urethra
H kidney → ureter → bladder → urethra
J bladder → urethra → kidney → ureter
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Ureter
Urethra
16
Which structure
in the upper arm
is responsible for
raising the lower
arm?
A1
B2
C3
D4
1. Anchor of a muscle.
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systems
2. Tendons of a muscle.
3. Muscle that gets shorter.
4. Anchor of the muscle.
17
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systems
Your arms and legs are limbs.
You extend (move) your limbs when your muscles
contract.
Which of the following is directly caused by
muscle action?
F Regeneration of nerves
G Healing of wounds
H Release of hormones
J Extension of limbs
6
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Which system is responsible for
producing enzymes that aid in
breaking down substances to be
absorbed for the body’s growth and
repair?
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systems
Makes food small enough to be absorbed by blood
F Digestive
system
and needful cells.
Makes gametes and sometimes nourishment for the
G Reproductive
system
young.
Place of
of mineral
exchange
of oxygen
and
carbon
dioxide.
Place
storage,
blood
cell
production,
H Respiratory
system
muscle attachment, protection of organs, means of
J Skeletal
system
mobility.
48
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systems
A ruler placed between one student’s fingers and thumb is
released without warning. A second student catches the
ruler. The distance the ruler falls is recorded. This
experiment is most likely designed to determine the —
F effects of stress on the first student’s heart rate
G acceleration of the ruler during its fall
H second student’s reaction time to a stimulus
J force applied on a falling mass
46
Home
The medulla, part of the brain
stem, reacts quickly to increased
levels of CO2 in the blood and
stimulates a response from the
—
The kidneys react
to other wastes in blood.
A excretory
system
The white blood
cells react to pathogens.
B immune
system
lungs react to the system
muscles which react to the brain.
CTherespiratory
The skin reacts to the hypothalamus(themostat.)
D integumentary
system
25
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Which body system is directly responsible
for delivering nutrients to cells throughout
the body?
A Circulatory system
B Integumentary system
C Endocrine system
D Respiratory system
47
All of the following symptoms
Home
are likely associated with
bacterial infection except —
F skin rashes or lesions
All 3 of these things can happen when you
G elevated
body
temperature
are fighting a bacterial infection.
H swollen glands or tissues
You build more white blood cells in response to infections,
J increased
NOT red blood cells. red blood cell
count
18
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Endocrine cells of a gland
skeletal cells in a bone
Muscle cells on a bone
In the diagram above, one cell creates and
releases chemicals that travel to a second cell
and quickly induce that cell into action. This
diagram represents part of the —
A endocrine system
B skeletal system
C muscular system
D nervous system
51
When a person is frightened by a
wild animal, some organ systems
immediately become active, while
others are suppressed. Which of
these systems is likely to be
suppressed?
F Muscular system
G Respiratory system
Hormones system
H Endocrine
J Digestive system
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