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Genetics & Heredity
Sex Cells
Female
Ovum or Egg
Male
Sperm
Chromosomes
A.
Chromosomes are rod
shaped chemical
compounds that carry
genetic coding.
B. The genetic coding
transmits characteristics
from the parent to the
child.
Chromosomes
C.
Found in both sperm and ovum
D.
Every cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes, 46
total
E.
Sperm and ovum contain 23 chromosomes
each.
Genes
A.
There are hundreds
of genes on each
chromosome.
B. They carry individual,
specific traits.
Genes
C. They are the
building blocks of
chromosomes.
D. They are bead-like
structures.
Genes
E. They can be
dominant
(stronger) genes
which produce
the characteristic
in the individual
Blue Eyes
Genes
F. They can be
recessive (weaker)
genes which do not
produce the
characteristic unless
transmitted by both
parents.
Red Hair
Genetic Information
A.
An XY combination
will produce a male
child.
B.
An XX combination
will produce a female
child.
Genetic Information
C. The father
determines
the sex of the
child.
Genetic Information
Color Blindness
D.
Sex linked defects
Female is
carrier but
defect appears
in male.
Can you trace a line from
one x to the other x?
MULTIPLE BIRTHS
FRATERNAL TWINS
Form when two eggs are
released at the same time and
each is fertilized. They grow
side by side in the uterus.
Because they are the result of
two different ovum and
sperm they are no more alike
in terms of heredity than
other siblings. They may be
of opposite sexes.
IDENTICAL TWINS
A fertilized egg starts growing by
dividing into two cells. These cells
continue to divide. Sometimes,
the cell mass splits in half soon
after fertilization. Each cell mass
grows into a separate embryo.
They are always the same sex, and
have very similar characteristics
because they began as one zygote.
TRIPLETS
* Triplets can occur through
several combinations. Three
separate ovum could be released
and fertilized.
* Two ovum could be released,
fertilized and then one ovum
splits into separate embryo,
resulting in a set of identical
twins and one fraternal twin.
* One ovum could split into two
parts resulting in identical
triplets
CONJOINED TWINS
Conjoined twins result when
a fertilized ovum begins to
split into two parts, but does
not fully complete the
process. The babies are joined
at whatever location does
not complete the splitting
process.
THE END!!