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Download Alleles segregate during gamete formation, but do they do
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Transcript
Alleles segregate during gamete formation, but do they do it independently? Two-factor Cross, F1 RRYY x Round/yellow peas rryy wrinkled/green What will offspring look like? Gives hybrid plants needed for next cross Two-Factor Cross, F2 RrYy x RrYy Independent Assortment • Genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes. • Leads to genetic variation in plants, animals, and other organisms. Not all genes show simple patterns of dominant and recessive • Incomplete dominance • Codominance • Multiple alleles • Polygenic traits • Sex-linked Incomplete Dominance • One allele NOT dominant over another • Four o’clock plants RR x RW WW Codominance • Both alleles contribute to the phenotype • Chicken: black feathers codom with white • Heterozygous = erminette (speckled) • Humans: protein controlling cholesterol levels • Blood type Multiple Alleles • Many genes have more than 2 alleles • Coat color in rabbits • Human gene for blood type Polygenic Traits • Traits controlled by two or more genes • At least three genes involved in reddishbrown pigment in eyes of fruit flies • Different combinations of alleles produce different eye colors • Polygenic traits often show a wide range of phenotypes • Skin color in humans partly because more than four different genes probably control this trait Sex-linked Genes
