Download Organic Chemistry - Goshen Community Schools

Ch. 2 Continued
Organic Chemistry
Recognizing the 4 main classes
of organic compounds.
CHON
4 most common elements in
living things
•Carbon
•Hydrogen
•Oxygen
•Nitrogen
Organic Compounds
Any compound that has carbon.
4 Classes of Organic Compounds
• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
• C6H12O6
• Used for ENERGY
• 3 Types
–Monosaccharides
–Disaccharides
–Polysaccharides
Monosaccharide
• 1 Simple Sugar
• Ends in –ose
• Examples:
–Glucose
–Fructose
Disaccharide
Made of 2 simple sugars.
Polysaccharide
Made of many simple sugars.
Lipids
• Made of 1 Glycerol and 3 Fatty Acids
• Used to STORE energy.
• Examples
– Fats
– Oils
– Waxes
Saturated vs. Unsaturated Fats
Saturated fats
contain only
single bonds
between carbons.
Unsaturated fats
contain at least one
double bond
between carbons.
Proteins
Chain of amino acids.
Nucleic Acids
• DNA and RNA
• Made of nucleotides.
• Each nucleotide
contains
– 1 sugar
– 1 phosphate group
– 1 base
Dehydration Synthesis
When molecules combine, water is released!
The End…
for now…