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Equalizing osmotic pressures H. salinarum › Inorganic solute (K+) › KdpFABC Salinibacter ruber › High K+ concentrations inside cell › Low organic solute concentrations Our species survival in high salinity environments › Use of organic or inorganic solutes? Determination of genes related to K+ › JGI › RAST Comparison of RAST v JGI genes BLASTn and RAST comparisons with other species H. salinarum KdpFABC Literature review RAST JGI RAST called genes › 13 related to K+ 4 6 › 7 unique to RAST JGI called genes › 10 related to K+ › 4 unique to JGI Lack of overlap intriguing Both 7 Blastn and species comparison in RAST revealed sequence similarity with 7 other species › › › › › › › Halorhabdus utahensis Halorubrum lacusprofundi Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 Halobacterium salinarum Haloarcula marismortui Natronomonas pharaonis Halogeometricum borinquense In SEED, each gene called has this chart showing other species that also have this gene. Only genomes sequenced with RAST are included. This is a screenshot of the Blastn results for a K+ transport system gene called in JGI. The similar sequence shown here is from the species H. marismortui. KdpFABC blastx comparison › Only 3 regions of similarity found › All within gene B of operon › None suggesting part of a K+ system Amino acid similarity is only for a small portion of KdpFABC. All regions of similarity are within the heavy metal translocating P-type ATPase of H. mukohataei. Unlikely to be related to potassium transport. Other species with potassium transport genes related to H. mukohataei: › No mention of K+ transport systems in literature › Probably not important Potassium transport highly conserved In our species, probably does not play a large role in maintaining life in high salinity Future research: differences in called genes between JGI and RAST › Why are they different? › Called correctly? › Other genes?