Download Bell Work

Bell Work
GCCTTA
1. What would be the DNA compliment of the
section of DNA above?
a. CGGAAT
b. CGGUUT
c. ATTCCG
d. TAAGGC
2-2-12 Bell Work
1. RNA pairs (U) uracil to (T) thymine. In the
sequence below, what would the matching strand
be?
CGATT
a. GCTAA
b. GCTUU
c. TACGG
Bell Work 2-3-12
• RNA is the same as DNA in that it ___.
a. Contains nucleotides
b. Contains Uracil
c. Is a single strand
d. Contains ribose sugar
2-9-12 Bell Work
1. List the differences between a mitosis and
meiosis.
2. Describe the differences between DNA
replication and protein synthesis.
Voice Thread
•
•
•
•
Define it
Illustrate it
Explain it
Why is it important to the cell
• TAG AS: putnam, CHS, biology, cell, DNA, RNA,
Your topic
1. Movement of molecules from
high to low concentration
• A. osmosis
• B. diffusion
• C. active transport
2. Movement of water molecules
from high to low concentration
• A. osmosis
• B. diffusion
• C. active transport
3. Movement of molecules that
requires energy to be added to the
system?
• A. osmosis
• B. diffusion
• C. active transport
4. The active transport process that
brings things INTO the cell
• A. osmosis
• B. endocytosis
• C. exocytosis
5. Did you like the activity and
what did you learn from it?
• Would you like to do an activity like this again?
Question
1. Which of the following is NOT true about DNA
replication?
a. It occurs during interphase
b. The new DNA is identical to the original DNA
c. It is semi-conservative
d. The sequence of the nucleotides is changed
Question
2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
DNA contains genetic information on its ___.
Hydrogen bonds
Deoxyribose sugar
Nucleotide sequence
Phosphate bonds
Question
3. Which of the following is true about the
relationship between DNA, genes, and
chromosomes?
a. Chromosomes and proteins make up genes and
genes make up DNA
b. Chromosomes are made up of DNA and protein.
Genes are sections of DNA on a chromosome
c. Genes and proteins make up DNA. The sequence
of genes and proteins make up a chromosome.
d. Proteins make up chromosomes and DNA. DNA
and chromosomes make up genes.
Notes: Cellular Transport
• Diffusion
– Movement of molecules from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
• Passive Transport
– It does not require energy
» Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide use diffusion
» Not all molecules can enter and leave by
diffuison
» Once equilibrium is reached they stop
Notes: Cellular Transport
Concentration Gradient
– The name of the difference that exist when there
is a difference in concentration in two areas
Equilibrium
– When the concentration on both sides of the cell
membrane are equal
Draw Concentration Gradient
Notes: Facilitated Diffusion
• Transport Proteins
– Allow some of the ions, sugars, and amino acids to
pass through from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration
– Many different types
– Each selective for a specific molecule
– Form of PASSIVE TRANSPORT
Questions
Why is diffusion a type of passive transport?
• A. It moves materials across a cell membrane
• B. It does not require any of the cell’s energy
• C. It does not need activation by an enzyme
• D. It continues until equilibrium is reached
Questions
During diffusion, molecules move _____.
• A. from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration
• B. from an area of lower concentration to an
area of higher concentration
• C. across a cell membrane with the use of
cellular energy
• D. against a concentration gradient
Notes: Osmosis
• Osmosis
– Passive transport
– Moves molecules down a concentration gradient
• 2 Facts
– Always a movement of water molecules
– Moves water molecules across a selectively
permeable membrane through which the solute
(dissolved particles) cannot cross
Notes: Osmosis
• Osmosis
– Solute particles are too large to pass through the
selectively permeable membrane
• Like oil and water’s inability to mix, particles that are
water soluble cannot pass through the middle of the
membrane
– To bring about equilibrium, either facilitated diffusion or
osmosis must take place
Notes: Isotonic Solution
• Isotonic
– The solution on the outside of the membrane has
the same concentration as the solution on the
inside of the membrane
– No net movement of water molecules across the
membrane
Notes: Hypertonic Solution
• Hypertonic
– The solution outside the membrane contains less
water and more solute than the solution inside
the membrane
• water rushes out of the cell
• Cell shrivels up
• Example: salt on a slug
Notes: Hypotonic Solution
• Hypotonic
– Solution on the outside of the cell membrane has
a greater concentration of molecules than the
solution inside the cell
• More water on the outside
• Ex. Wilted vegetable (celery)
• Water rushes in an the cells swell
Notes: Active Transport
• Active Transport
– Used to move molecules against a concentration
gradient
– Requires Energy
• 3 Types of Transport Proteins help move
substances in and out of the cell
channel proteins
carrier proteins
gate proteins
Notes: Transport Proteins
• Often the protein has a certain shape that allows it
to stick to a molecule with a matching shape
• Uses chemical energy to move against the gradient
Notes: Endocytosis
• Endocytosis
– A way of allowing particles that are too big to
cross the cell member to enter
– Particle is enclosed with material from the cell,
then pulled into the cell
– In = En
• Into the cell = ENDOcytosis
Notes: Exocytosis
• Exocytosis
– Used to get rid of large particles
• Undigested food, waste products or hormones
– Material is enclosed in a vesicle
• Vesicle meets the cell membrane, breaks open, then
fuses with the membrane
• Particles are released to the outside of the cell
Exit the cell = EXocytosis