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Transcript
Translation of mRNA into a polypeptide http://vcell.ndsu.edu/animations/translation/movie- flash.htm http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/si tes/dl/free/0072437316/120077/micro06.swf::Protein Synthesis Translation is the synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template. This process involves several key molecules: mRNA the small and large subunits of the ribosome tRNA the release factor The process is broken into three stages: initiation elongation termination tRNA contains an anticodon that is complementary to the mRNA codon to which it binds. Attached to the end of tRNA is the corresponding amino acid The first codon is typically AUG. Methionine corresponds to the AUG codon. http://www.wiley.com/college/boyer/0470003790/structure/tRNA/trna_intro.htm http://www.wiley.com/college/pratt/0471393878/student/structure/trna_aars/index.html Translation initiation begins when the small subunit of the ribosome attaches to the 5 ´end of the mRNA and moves to the translation initiation site. The large ribosomal subunit now binds to the small ribosomal subunit to create the peptidyl (or P) site and the aminoacyl (or A) site. The first tRNA occupies the P-site. The second tRNA enters the A-site The methionine is transferred to the A-site amino acid the first tRNA exits the ribosome moves along the mRNA the next tRNA enters http://www.tutorvista.com/content/biology/biology-iii/gene-expression/proteins-synthesis-mechanism.php the growing peptide is continually transferred to the A-site tRNA the ribosome moves along the mRNA new tRNAs enter When a stop codon is encountered in the A-site, a release factor enters the Asite and translation is terminated. When termination is reached, the ribosome dissociates, and the newly formed protein is released. http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/tra nscribe/