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Which of the following biological molecules contain peptide bonds? a. b. c. d. Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids A C Which one is… 1.a lipid 2.a nucleotide 3.an amino acid 4.a carbohydrate B B D What is the function of chaperonin proteins? a. b. c. d. e. Denaturation of polypeptides Assembling amino acids Regulation of gene expression Folding proteins None of the above Which amino acid is responsible for the formation of disulfide bonds? a. b. c. d. e. Alanine Proline Tyrosine Cysteine Isoleucine Which amino acid would be considered basic? a. b. c. d. e. Alanine Lysine Tyrosine Cysteine Isoleucine Which amino acid would be considered acidic? a. b. c. d. e. Alanine Lysine Tyrosine Glutamate Isoleucine The addition of water to break a chemical bond is termed – a. b. c. d. e. Dehydration synthesis Hydrolysis Condensation Catabolism Disassociation Which of the following is not a function of proteins? a. b. c. d. e. Coding for polypeptides Catalyzes chemical reactions Transport of material Structural components of tissues All of the above are protein functions Each strand of DNA contains nucleotides that are covalently bonded together through polymerization. These connecting bonds are called phosphodiester bonds. a. This is true b. This is false The energy in carbohydrates is stored in the C-H bonds. a. This is true b. This is false If a chromosome contains 20% thymine, how much guanine should it have? a. b. c. d. 10% 20% 30% 40% Which of the following is an amino group? a. b. c. d. e. -OH -C=O -COOH -SH -NH2 Dehydration synthesis – a. b. c. d. e. Is used to link monomers Removes water to form bonds Is involved in protein synthesis Can form disaccharides All of the above Lincosamides are a class of antibiotics that inhibit peptide bond formation. What type of biological molecule would be affected? a. b. c. d. Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Carbohydrates A person is lactose intolerant. What type of molecule is lactose? a. b. c. d. Monosaccharide Disaccharide Oligosaccharide Polysaccharide If a strand of DNA has a sequence 5’-ATCCTAG-3’, what would be the complementary sequence? a. b. c. d. 5’-CGAAGAT-3’ 5’-TAGGATC-3’ 3’-TAGGATC-5’ 3’-CGAAGTC-5’ If a cell was grown in a growth medium that has a radioactive sulfur isotope which class of biomolecules will show the presence of the isotope? a. b. c. d. Nucleic acids Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins How can changes in pH affect protein structure? A. B. C. D. By causing hydrolysis of the peptide bond By changing the charges on certain amino acid sidechains By breaking the sidechains off of the alpha carbons By joining proteins together in long chains This would be : A. beta sheet; B. alpha helix; C. nucleic acid; D. lipid This would be : A. beta sheet; B. alpha helix; C. nucleic acid; D. lipid • Most biological buffers consist of a pair of molecules, one an acid and one a base 21 Chemical reactions • Chemical reactions involve the formation or breaking of chemical bonds • Atoms shift from one molecule to another without any change in number or identity of atoms • Reactants = original molecules • Products = molecules resulting from reaction 6H2O + 6CO2 reactants → C6H12O6 + 6O2 products 22 • Extent of chemical reaction influenced by 1. Temperature 2. Concentration of reactants and products 3. Catalysts • Many reactions are reversible 23