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Ibogaine and cellular metabolism Traditional use of Iboga enteogen - ritual drug oneirogen - awake dreams psychostimulant and tonic reconvalescence after infectious diseases aphrodisiac Use of Iboga/ibogaine in the West interruption of addiction to alcohol, opiates, nicotine in cocaine spiritual growth and self-realization holly sacrament use at extreme sports – mountaineering interesting for army Ibogaine in medicine 1905: 10–30mg per day against asthenia 1939-1970: neuromuscular stimulant 8mg per pill against fatigue, depression and at reconvalescence after infectious diseases 1969: 4-5mg/kg as fantasy enhancer at psychotherapy Pharmacodynamics of ibogaine immediate (acute) effect prolonged effect Pharmacodynamics of ibogaine effects last longer than the presence of ibogaine in the body fat deposits of lipophillic metabolite cannot directly cause the effect for weeks or months functional and structural changes are expected Composition of cell •nucleic acids •proteins •polysaccharides •lipids •water Proteins •structural •functional Structural proteinscytoskeleton Functional proteinsreceptor Functional proteinsenzyme Protein separation by 2-D electrophoresis Computer scan of gel Computer scan of gel “In silico” analysis of results Spots of interest Peptide mapping by mass spectrometry Identification of proteins by matching with data bases Induction of energy metabolism related enzymes in rat brain Enzyme Fold 24 h Fold 72 h Mr(Da)/pI Score Peptide matching 1.13 3.21 36090/8.14 62 9 Malate dehydrogenase 1.42 3.64 36117/8.79 54 9 Aldolase 1.23 2.45 39783/8.05 60 9 Pyruvate kinase 1.38 2.94 58314/7.19 70 10 Glyceraldehyde3-phosphate dehydrogenase Induction of energy metabolism related enzymes Nonspecific activation of metabolism Interpretation of results Enhanced energy availability supports higher metabolic turnover and by that facilitates detoxification and renewal of tissues. Besides, consequent mental agility provides insight into one’s own psychological state Aura and ibogaine -40 min +3 h +54 h Aura and ibogaine Aura and ibogaine – thantanosis Aura and ibogaine Aura and ibogaine Aura and ibogaine Maybe illumination and revelation are proper words to describe what is at this moment difficult to explain Pharmacodynamics of Entheogen Drugs - Influence on Gene Expression - Faculty of Pharmacy, UL - Biotechnical Faculty, UL - Faculty of Medicine, UL - Faculte de Pharmacie, Universite Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France - Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stankovic, Belgrade, Serbia OMI, Institute of Anthropological Medicine www.omi.si