Download Recombinant DNA/Evidence of Evolution (On Level)

 HAPPY TUESDAY!
You and your partner will have 5 minutes to arrange
the cards at your table in the “most logical order”.
There is no right way to do this but you will have to
justify the order.
On your Bellwork (Left Side): Explain what info you
used to arrange the cards. What did you look for?
Mix-Freeze-Group
Genetic
Mutation
Natural
Selection
Small
Population
Non-Random
Mating
• I am going to survive! Because I have the best genes for my
environment.
• I am HUGELY affected by genetic drift.
• I am VERY picky. I will only choose you, because your traits
are most attractive to me.
• I am a mistake in the DNA sequence
Journals…
• Page:_____
• Title: Evidence for Evolution
• EQ: What evidence is there for evolution and how is it used to
support the theory?
Recombinant DNA: the combination of two DNA strands
that are constructed artificially. Genetic scientists can do
this to create a unique DNA strand for different purposes,
using several types of techniques
RECOMBINATION
The process by which genetic
material from different
individuals becomes combined;
example the glowing cat
Reasons why DNA may be re-combined…
•
•
•
•
•
Medical Research
Genetically Modified Food
Genetically Modified Organisms
Cloning
Utilize the science of genetics to do our bidding.
Scenarios
You will work with your table
partner to identify what
mechanism the following
scenarios describe. You will be
using the white boards at your
table.
1. The DNA sequence in a bird is changed from
ATT CCG TTG to TTA CCG TTG which changes
the beak shape from long and thin to short
and fat.
2. Northern elephant seals were hunted almost
to extinction by people in the 1890s. The
remaining population has reduced genetic
variation.
3. A lioness joins a new pride and has cubs with
the male lion.
4. A small group of birds flies from the mainland
to an island and starts a new colony. (The
birds never return to the mainland.)
6. Amish people are required by their religion to
only marry and have children with other Amish
people.
7. Peppered moths are eaten by birds. The moth
color varies from light to dark. Light colored
moths can blend in with a nearby species of
tree. In the 1800s factories released large
amounts of soot, which changed the tree color,
so the birds were able to more easily find the
lighter moths instead of the darker moths.
8. In 2012, the Yalta Zoo in the Ukraine took
ownership of 5 white lion cubs. White lions are
caused by a reduced pigmentation (skin color).
A very rare occurrence.
9. American bison were once very prevalent in
North America, but were hunted close to
extinction in the late 1800's. Though the
population is recovering, the rapid decrease in
population size has led to a population with very
little genetic variability
•Biologists use evidence from
three major areas to support
the theory of evolution.
•We will be discussing three of
these today, fossil record and
biogeography.
Evidence of Evolution
Biogeography
Molecular
Homologies
Developmental
Fossil Record
Anatomical
Biogeography
Study of the geographical distribution of
plants and animals
*Related Species tend to be geographically
close to one another (Ex. Galapagos)
*Plate tectonics/continental drift
Activity break –
Let’s look at maps!
Evidence of Evolution
Biogeography
Molecular
Homologies
Developmental
Fossil Record
Anatomical
Fossil Record
Fossil: The evidence in rock of the presence of
a plant or an animal from an earlier geological
period
*further down = older (usually)
*carbon-14 dating can help determine age
*transitional fossils can show evolutionary
changes
*incomplete
The picture to the right
shows a series of
major Biological Events
that have taken place
over the last 488
Million Years!
Biologists were able to
piece these events
together based on
evidence collected
from fossils.
Take notice of the
extinctions. What
happened immediately
after each one?
Types of Fossils
How Fossils form
Activity break –
DEMO and
Handout
Evidence of Evolution
Biogeography
Molecular
Homologies
Developmental
Fossil Record
Anatomical
The word Homologies refers to
similarities among organisms
(remember…homo = same)
There are three types of homologies
that provide strong evidence for
evolution and common ancestry
Evidence of Evolution
Biogeography
Molecular
Homologies
Developmental
Fossil Record
Anatomical
Molecular Homologies
Similarities in DNA sequences among different organisms
Because organisms evolved from a common ancestor, we find similarities in
the DNA sequence of all living organisms. The more of a DNA match we see,
the closer of a relationship the organisms have.
Activity break –
DNA Chart
Evidence of Evolution
Biogeography
Molecular
Homologies
Developmental
Fossil Record
Anatomical
Examine these
pictures closely.
What do you
notice?
Developmental Homologies
Different organisms develop from similar starting forms (embryos)
Evidence of Evolution
Biogeography
Molecular
Homologies
Developmental
Fossil Record
Anatomical
Anatomical Homologies
Bones and muscles of different species that have similar structures but perform
different functions
Activity break –
Color Break!