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Biology 3rd Block Room 128
Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher
Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher
Date: September 20, 2007
Drill:
1. name 2 properties of lipids
a. Can’t mix with water(hydrophobic)
b. Store 2x the energy program compared to carbohydrates
2. name the monomers of lipids
a. Glycerol (1)
b. Fatty Acids (3)
3. Give example of 2 saturated and 2 unsaturated fats
a. Lard-saturated, animals bacon grease Animal
b. Canola oil-unsaturated Animal
c. Pam unsaturated-animal
What do you
know about the
building block?
Carbohydrates
CH2O
What is the
smallest unit?
(monomer)
Monosaccharide
Simple sugar
What do they do
for the body?
Examples
Provide Fast Fuel
& energy
Protein
Protein
CHNs
Amino acids
(AA)
Lipids (fats)
CHO
Nucleic Acids
CHPON
Fatty acids &
Glycerol
Nucleotide
Structure for the
body
Break stuff down
Regularity
Muscle structure
Energy
Enzymes
Stored energy
Fats (long term)
Instructions
(Blueprints) for the
body
Genetic Code
Stores information
in their sequences
of chemical units
Carbo
Polysaccharides:
Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose (can’t digest)
Organization of DNA
Double Helix Twisted Ladder
Twisted around Histone proteins
Twisted further into chromatins
Twisted further into Chromosome
Hydroxyl
Fatty acid
Interesting Fact
Cellulose,
glycogen,
Glucose, players
do eat complex
carbs before a
game
Enzymes are a
type of proteins.
20 AA
Peptide Bond
Hydrophobic
DNA & RNA
4 Nucleotides
Biology 3rd Block Room 128
Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher
Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher
Phospholipid Bilayers- made from lipids
Phospholipids
Membrane to the cell
Phospholipids are fat derivatives in which one fatty acid has been replaced by a phosphate group and one of several
nitrogen-containing molecules.
The heads of the
PHOSPHOLIPIDS are composed of glycerol and a phosphate group and like to dissolve in water. Water is
a polar molecule (it acts like it has two poles) and other molecules that are polar easily dissolve in water.
These molecules that easily dissolve in water are called water-loving (or hydrophilic) molecules.
The tails of the PHOSPHOLIPIDS are mostly fatty acids made up of long carbon and hydrogen chains.
Carbon and hydrogen chains are not polar and do not like to dissolve in water. Molecules that do not easily
dissolve in water are called water-hating (or hydrophobic) molecules http://www.theaps.org/education/lot/cell/MoreL.htm
D. Steroids
a. 3 three sided rings and 1 six sided ring
http://www.people.vcu.edu/~urdesai/intro.htm
 Used for communication /hormones
 cholesterol
a. Hormones
i. Testosterone
ii. Estrogen
b. Anabolic steroids= “bad steroids”
i. Forms of Testosterone
ii. Harmful to the body
iii. Female
1. hair like men
iv. can cause cancer and mood swings
v. reduce sex hormones in wormed
vi. sexual dysfunction
vii. increase cholesterol
viii.
Biology 3rd Block Room 128
Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher
Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher
http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/jrod9.htm
http://www.justthinktwice.com/hot/steroids.cfm
Anabolic steroids are drugs that resemble androgenic hormones (sometimes called male hormones) such as testosterone
(Figure 1). Athletes consume them in the hope of gaining weight, strength, power, speed, endurance, and
aggressiveness. They are widely used by athletes involved in such sports as track and field (mostly the throwing events),
weight lifting, and American football. However, in spite of their tremendous popularity, their effectiveness is
controversial. The research literature is divided on whether anabolic steroids enhance physical performance. Yet, almost
all athletes who consume these substances acclaim their beneficial effects. Many athletes feel that they would not have
been as successful without them.
b. Steroid hormones work by stimulation of receptor molecules in muscle cells, which activate specific
genes to produce proteins (see Figure 1 Hormones
i. Testosterone
ii. Estrogen
c. Anabolic steroids= “bad steroids”
). They also affect the activation rate of enzyme systems involved in protein metabolism, thus enhancing protein
synthesis and inhibiting protein degradation (called an anti-catabolic effect)
http://www.sportsci.org/encyc/anabster/anabster.html
Bad Effects of Steroids
Roid Rage
Biology 3rd Block Room 128
Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher
Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher
Heart Problems
Extra hair
Breast Development
Testicular Shrinkage
Impotence