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Genes Involved in Plant Stress Response and Evolution of their Responsiveness Cheng Zou 11/09/2007 The Stress Response is Unique and Vital to Plants Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Photo Claudio Gratton) Different from animals, when exposed to adverse environments, plant can not run away. So along evolution plant developed a specific system to fight against them. There are two main sources of stress, one is biotic, such as invasion of bacterium, fungi; another one is abiotic, such as cold, drought and heat. Based on the AtGenExpress experiments in Arabidopsis, of 22110 genes which are presented on the micro array, 37% genes are up or down regulated significantly by at least one stress condition. So we are interested in what kind of genes tend to have stress responsiveness and how gene function in stress response evolved Arabidopsis Expression profile under stress condition Type of stress Osmotic UV-B Wounding Cold4C Abiotic stress Heat Genotoxic Drought Salt 2 or 3 replicates control Oxidative Flg22 For each condition, Up- and down-regulated genes were defined as genes with significantly higher and lower intensities (at 5% false discovery rate) with treated samples than those in controls. Non-responsive genes were defined GST-NPP1 as genes that were not significantly up- or down-regulated. avrRpm1 DC3000 Biotic stress HrcCHrpZ LPS P-infestans Psph Number of Up or Down regulated gene under each condition Wounding_12 Wounding_3 Wounding_1 Wounding_0.5 Wounding_0.2 UV-B_24 UV-B_12 UV-B_6 UV-B_3 UV-B_1 UV-B_0.25 Salt_24 Salt_12 Salt_6 Salt_3 Osmotic_24 Osmotic_12 Osmotic_6 Osmotic_3 Osmotic_1 H eat_3+9 H eat_3+3 H eat_3+21 H eat_3+1 H eat_3 H eat_1 H eat_0.5 H eat_0.25 Genotoxic_12 Genotoxic_6 D rought_6 D rought_3 Cold4C_24 Cold4C_12 Psph_24 Psph_6 Psph_2 P.infestans_24 P.infestans_12 P.infestans_6 H rpZ _4 H rpZ _1 H rcC-_24 H rcC-_6 H rcC-_2 GST -NPP1_4 GST -NPP1_1 Flg22_4 Flg22_1 D C3000_24 D C3000_6 D C3000_2 av rRpm1_24 av rRpm1_6 av rRpm1_2 0 500 1000 1500 2000 up 2500 dn 3000 3500 4000 0 500 1000 1500 up 2000 dn 2500 3000 3500 the Breadth of Stress Response of All the Genes Up Regulation of Abiotic Stress Up Regulation of Biotic Stress Fig1.The observed distribution of the breadth of stress response ( red dash line) was compared to random distributions calculated (box plot), by assuming that for each condition there are same number of up regulated genes and regardless interactions among different conditions. *Asterisk indicates that the differences is significant at < 0.001% level. Q1:What kind of families are overrepresented in up-refulated genes? the Breadth of Stress Response of Domain Family Up Regulation of Abiotic Stress Up Regulation of Biotic Stress Fig2.The observed distribution of the breadth of domain (dash line) was compared to random distributions calculated (box plot), by assuming that for each condition there are same number of domain families that over or underrepresented in up regulated genes, and regardless interactions among different conditions. *Asterisk indicates that the differences is significant at < 0.001% level. Domain families that over or under represented in up regulated genes Abiotic biotic stress stress Evolution of Stress Response