Download Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration
(not the breathing kind)
Life is work…
Performing work requires energy.
 At the cellular level, what form does
that energy take?
 What process helps the cell make
ATP?
 Cellular respiration.
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What is the summary equation for
cellular respiration?
 C6H12O6
+ O2  CO2 + H2O + 36-
38 ATP
 Is this all there is to it?
 Three processes that cause the
release of the products in cellular
respiration.
What are the three process?
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Glycolysis
The citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle)
Oxidative Phosphorylation
What organelle is required for the citric
acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation?
The mitochondrion is where most of it
goes down.
Redox reactions
Reduction. What is it? Remember
OIL RIG.
 Something is reduced if it gains an
electron.
 Oxidation. Something is oxidized if it
loses an electron.
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When electrons move closer to a more
electronegative atom, what happens?
a.
b.
c.1.
d.
e.
Energy is released.
Energy is consumed.
The more electronegative atom
is reduced.
The more electronegative atom
is oxidized.
A and C are correct.
In redox reactions, what’s going
on?
One substance is a reducing agent,
which means what?
 That it is the electron donor.
 One substance is an oxidizing agent,
which mean what?
 That it is an electron acceptor.
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What is cellular respiration?
 The
oxidation of glucose and
other molecules in food to make
energy available so that cells can
complete their tasks, such as…
Are your cells blowing up glucose
all at once?
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NO!
Series of enzymatic reactions that
continually oxidize glucose in baby steps.
A coenzyme (comes from a vitamin –
what’s this again?) called NAD+ helps
nibble, that’s right I said nibble, away
electrons in small steps.
Dehydrogenases play a role. What is it?
What do dehydrogenases do to the pH of
the surrounding solution? Why?
Again, what are the three stages
in cellular respiration?
Glycolysis
 The citric acid cycle
 Oxidative phosphorylation (electron
transport and chemiosmosis)
 Know the inputs and outputs of each.
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Glycolysis
So old it _______ dust.
 What does it mean?
 Where does it happen?
 Got to contribute to get those
bennies.
 Any oxygen needed here?
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What comes in and what goes
out?
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Glucose, ATP, ADP, and NAD+ are the
inputs.
Pyruvate, NADH and ATP are kicked out.
What happens to pyruvate in the presence
of oxygen?
What happens when no oxygen present?
After glycolysis…if oxygen
present, then…
Once we’ve gained access,
where and the heck are we…
So, What’s up with the Acetyl CoA?
Do you need to know
this?
No, but you do need to know the
inputs and outputs…
What’s going in?
 What’s coming out?
 Where is the stuff that is coming out
going?
 To that last stage…the nasty one.
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Oxidative phosphorylation…yes!
 Where’s
it happening?
 What’s going in?
 What’s coming out?
 Pictures are better.
Electronegativity plays a role…
How the ATP gets made –
chemiosmosis (flow H+, flow)
Go you proton motive force, go!
In summary…
Today’s question
Cellular Respiration oxidizes glucose.
 What does it oxidize glucose to?
 Think about the summary equation.
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36-38 ATP?
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Why can’t we have an exact system?
Not all the H+ pumped out by the electrons
shuttled by NADH and FADH2 are used to make
ATP (they are used for other kinds of work).
The ratio of NADH to ATP is wacky (10 H+ out
for every one NADH, but we know what we don’t
know.
NADH from the cytosol made during glycolysis
have issues.
Fermentation
Happens without ______ which is
described as __________.
 What are the two kinds?
 Which organisms do which kind?
 Which one produces carbon dioxide?
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What else?
Why is cellular respiration versatile?
 What ‘s up with biosynthesis? What
does it require?
 Cellular Respiration is regulated just
like all the others.
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