Download Biotechnology-Genetic Engineering (3)

Aim #68: What are some applications of
Genetic Engineering?
Genetic Engineering is a process that is
used to the alter the genetic instructions
in organisms.
Genetic Engineering Review:
1)Scientists can target and
identify a gene.
2)Cut the desired gene
with restriction
enzymes.
Genetic Engineering Review:
DNA from
Organism 2
3)The gene is combined with
the DNA of another organism.
This process is called:
DNA from
Organism 1
GENE SPLICING
The combined DNA is called:
Recombinant DNA
Cell of an
organism
4)The recombinant DNA
is inserted into the cell
of another organism.
What is the end result?
Recombinant DNA
Cell of an
organism
A genetically engineered organism
1) Applications of Genetic Engineering:
Scientists genetically
alter the DNA of bacteria
to produce human proteins.
How many pieces of
bacterial DNA
2
do you see?
What are they called?
Chromosome and a Plasmid
2) Bacterial Chromosome vs.
Human Chromosome
Bacterial Chromosome
Human Chromosome
X
3) Bacteria also have
PLASMIDS
Plasmids are small,
circular
DNA molecules that are
found in some bacteria.
Scientists alter the genetic
instructions found in the
Plasmids.
4) How can we alter the genetic
material of bacteria to produce
human insulin?
Step 1:
DNA is removed from a human cell and insulin gene
is cut with Restriction Enzymes.
How can we alter the genetic
material of bacteria to produce
human insulin?
Step 2:
Plasmid is removed from a bacterial cell and is cut with
Restriction Enzymes.
How can we alter the genetic
material of bacteria to produce
human insulin?
Step 3:
Spliced
Insulin Gene and Bacterial Plasmid are _______
Recombinant DNA.
together to form ______________________
How can we alter the genetic
material of bacteria to produce
human insulin?
Step 4:
Recombinant DNA is inserted into a bacterial cell.
How can we alter the genetic
material of bacteria to produce
human insulin?
Step 5:
Asexual reproduction and are
Bacteria undergo __________
capable of producing the protein insulin.
5) Scientists can also genetically alter
foods:
Genetically modified
foods can be engineered
to produce natural
pesticides.
Scientists can also genetically alter foods:
Genetically modified foods
can be engineered to
increase their content of
vitamins.