Download Biology Pre-Learning Check

Name: _____________________________
Pretest: _______/52
Posttest: _______/52
Pretest Ch 16, 19.1 & 19.3:
Evolution
Part 1: Matching Vocab. Match the term on the right with the definition on the left by
placing the letter on the blank where it best matches.
1. ______ Darwin’s idea that organisms pass traits
down from one generation to the next
with minor differences
2. ______ The idea that one prokaryote living inside
another has now become eukaryotic cells
3. ______ A statement that explains a natural phenomena,
is complex and considered to be fact
4. ______ As organisms change in the fossil record,
different fossils called __ __ are found
that get closer and closer to modern species
5. ______ Parts of an organism that no longer have a
function, e.g. human’s appendix or tailbone
6. ______ Geologist who first proposed processes
happening today were the same in the past
7. ______ Process where living organisms change over time
A. absolute dating
B. acquired
characteristic
C. adaptation
D. analogous structure
E. artificial selection
F. biogeography
G. Darwin
H. descent with
modification
I. embryology
J. endosymbiosis
K. evolution
L. Hutton
M. fitness
N. gradualism
O. half life
P. homologous structure
Q. Lamarck
R. Lyell
S. Miller & Urey
T. natural selection
U. relative dating
V. scientific Law
W. scientific Theory
X. struggle for existence
Y. survival of the fittest
Z. transitional species
AA. uniformitarianism
AB. vestigial structure
8. ______ Organisms with the best traits for their
environment pass this down to children
9. ______ Scientist who first proposed organisms
change by inheriting traits
10. ______ Consciously choosing one trait over another
as a reason to reproduce
11. ______ Determining one fossil is older than another,
without knowing exactly how much older
12. ______ Using similarities and differences of organisms
and their location to see changes over time
13. ______ Characteristics that develop during an animal’s
life-time; Lamarck’s ideas on evolution
14. ______ Did an experiment simulating earth’s early
conditions created amino acids
15. ______ Parts on an organism that are similar to parts
on another organism although they do not share a common ancestor; e.g.
wings on birds and wings on insects
16. ______ A trait that helps an organism survive its environment
17. ______ How well an organisms fits into/survives in its environment
18. ______ Geologist who first proposed Earth is much older than a few thousand
years
19. _____ A description of what happens in a phenomenon, often short and
mathematical, considered to be fact by scientists
20. ______ Changes in species happen at a slow, regular rate over time, rather than
all at once
21. ______ Similarities in development before birth show evolutionary relationships
22. ______ Geological processes happening today are the same as in the past
23. ______ The time it takes for ½ of a substance to decay, used to find age of fossils
24. ______ Over time, organisms that fit their environment are “chosen” to survive
25. ______ Scientist who believed organisms change traits during their lifetime and
pass that down to children.
26. ______ Part of an organism that is similar to another organism due to a common
ancestor, e.g. wings on bats and wings on birds.
27. ______ There is not enough food, water, shelter for organisms so they compete for
resources
28. ______ Using half-life to find an exact date of a fossil
29. Miller and Urey did an experiment to show how life may have first formed on
Earth. Describe their experiment and how they thought life first arose.
30. How did eukaryotic life first come to be?
31. How did living organisms have an effect on Earth’s early atmosphere?
32. Which is the oldest fossil on the right? How can we
tell?
33. Do we know exactly how old? Why not?
34. How could we tell exactly how old?
Charles Darwin set his theory of evolution on the work of other scientists. Describe
each of these scientist’s ideas and how Darwin used them.
35. Hutton
36. Lyell
37. Lamarck
Charles Darwin made 3 observations on his voyage on the HMS Beagle.
Name/describe them.
38. Globally…
39. Locally…
40. Fossils…
Darwin’s theory of Evolution relies on 4 points. Explain each:
41. struggle for existence
42. variation and adaptation
43. survival of the fittest
44. natural selection
There are many pieces of evidence for the modern Theory of Evolution by Natural
Selection. Explain each of these:
45. Fossil evidence
46. Biogeography
47. Anatomy
48. Embryology
49. Biological Molecules
50. Differentiate between a scientific Law and Theory.
51. True or False. Explain. The Theory of Evolution is not very well accepted by the
scientific community because it is just a theory.
52. True or False. Explain. The Theory of Evolution would be accepted by more of the
scientific community if it was a Law.