Download Chapter 11 Exam Review Key

Chapter 11 Exam Review Key:
1. Offspring that result from crosses between parents with different traits are called hybrids.
2. The chemical factors that determine traits are called genes.
3. Gregor Mendel concluded that traits are inherited by the passing of factors from parents to offspring.
4. The principle of dominance states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive.
5. When Gregor Mendel crossed true-breeding tall plants with true-breeding short plants, all the offspring
were tall. Why?
The allele for tall plants is dominant and each offspring had one tall allele.
6. When you flip a coin, what is the probability that it will come up tails? (use a fraction) 1/2.
7. The principles of probability can be used to predict the traits of offspring produced by a genetic cross.
8. Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be homozygous.
9. Does a Punnett square show that ACTUAL results of a genetic cross? NO.
10. What principle states that during gamete formation genes for different traits separate without influencing
each other’s inheritance? Principle of independent assortment
11. Situations in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over another allele for that gene are
called incomplete dominance.
12. A cross of a black chicken (BB) with a white chicken (WW) produces all speckled offspring (BBWW).
This type of inheritance is known as codominance.
13. Variation in human skin color is an example of polygenic traits
14. Does Mendel’s principles of genetics apply to all organisms? yes.
15. The number of chromosomes in a gamete is represented by the symbol N
16. If an organism’s diploid number is 20, its haploid number is 10.
17. How many alleles for each gene do gametes have? One.
18. Gametes are produced by the process of meiosis
19. KNOW WHAT CROSSING OVER LOOKS LIKE!
20. Meiosis, unlike mitosis, results in the formation of HAPLOID cells.
21. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of four genetically different cells.
22. What assorts independently? chromosomes
23. Gene maps are based on the frequencies of crossing-over between genes.
24.
Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers.
Complete a Punnett square showing a cross between two heterozygous flowers.
P
p
P
PP
Pp
p
Pp
pp
What percent of the offspring are homozygous? 50%
What percent of the offspring are heterozygous? 50%
What percent of the offspring are purple? 75%
What percent of the offspring are white? 25%
What percent of the offspring are homozygous dominant? 25%
What percent of the offspring are homozygous recessive? 25%