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INTEGRITY AND ETHICS Integrity 1. Fundamentals of IG 6. Mainstreaming GESI 2. Accountability Inclusive Governance 5. GESI: Concepts & Approaches 4. Integrity 3. Responsiveness Learning Objectives By the end of the topic participants will be able to: Explain the concept and foundation of integrity and ethics; Explain the characteristics of ethical and unethical behaviour; Analyse the consequences of unethical behaviour of civil servants, on the quality of public services; Learning Objectives Analyze the factors affecting integrity and ethics in civil service Design strategies to promote integrity in public services; IG Accountability GESI Integrity and Ethics (Society’s values, moral, principles) Integrity Integrity is a concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes. Integrity is knowing right things to do and doing the right things. Integrity is not an absolute notion that you either have or totally lack. Ethics A set of moral principles and standards of “right” behavior and conduct. Right or wrong, good or bad in actions that affects others. Integrity and Ethics Government bodies and administrators act in ways that inspire public trust. It entails competency, transparency, honesty, commitment, ethical standards of public service. Ethics refers to well founded standards of right and wrong that prescribe what ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues. Higher ethical standard and practices is critical in administering work to gain public trust. Public Sector Integrity and Ethics Integrity for individual civil servant Commitment to work Competency and ethical character Transparency, trust and trustworthiness Public or organisation integrity is that set of characteristics that justify trustworthiness and generate trust among stakeholders (Integrity Action, 2016). Public ethics refers to the collection of values and norms, of moral standards or principles that form the foundation of integrity. Trust Trust and Trustworthiness Trustworthiness Work in group Present your thoughts in picture/ diagram/symbol to explain what does integrity mean to you at your workspace. Each group have 15 minutes to prepare and 5 minutes to present. Key Learning Points Serving the public interest Using powers responsibly Making powers use responsibly Acting with honesty and transparency Preventing and addressing improper conduct Conflict of interest Foundation: Integrity and Ethics Sources of Moral Values and Behavioral Norms (Huberts, Maesschalck and Jurkiewicz, 2008; Ethics and Integrity of Governance) Source Human Universals Characteristics Innate and natural Derived from natural rights theory Cultural/ Social Experience with the environment Perspectives Represented by behavioral psychology Rational Analysis/Cognitive Thought, Reason and Education Processes Non-rational/Need based Experience, Expertise and Emotion Perspective Theological Perspective God given moral values Unchallengeable among believers Professional and Public service ethics systems Bureaucratic Roles Public opinion Factors affecting Integrity and Ethical Behaviour Executive as an Individual Internal/ Organizational External Environment • Family Influences • Policies, Code of conduct • Religious / Cultural values • Behaviour of • leaders, supervisors, peers and subordinates • Organisational • culture • Personal standards, and needs Ethical Behaviour • Government regulations Norms and values of politics – political behaviour Ethical climate of society- social values and norms Ethical and Unethical behaviour ; Video Case Case of ethical and unethical behviour in public service delivery.VOB Ethical vs Unethical Behaviour Group work: Video Case Watch the video case and discuss: Your group’s opinion regarding ethical and unethical behaviour in the video? Did you find any ethical behaviour of service provider/service receiver? Why/how? Did you find any unethical behaviour of service provider/service receiver? Why/how? Make notes and be prepared to share findings. Time 15 mins for preparation and 15 mins for plenary discussion Ethical Behaviour Honesty Accountability Doing a job well Humility (humble, decency, servitude-placing other peoples need before one's own) Proper conduct Reliability Dedication Character Fairness Un-ethical Behaviour • Lying • Cheating / Stealing • Does not abide by the rules of morality • Bribes / Corruption • Deliberate deception • Violation of conscience • Failure to honor commitments • Unlawful conduct • Disregard of organisation policy • Mis-use of resources • Illegal acts Ethical vs Unethical Behaviour An ethical behaviour applies to proper conduct. Unethical behaviour is not to abide by the rules of morality. Being ethical means maintaining integrity all the time and take risks for a good cause Ethics is more than compliance with rules, regulations etc. Ethics is subjective and contextual Consequences of Unethical Behaviour What are the consequences of unethical behaviour of civil servants? Legal consequences Morale decline and negative image Trust deficit towards public institutions Economic and social cost increases Violation of rule of law Corruption increases WPE suffer most Think about creating strategies to promote integrity Creating Strategies to Promote Integrity Group work: Designing strategy Work in groups Discuss and work to: Design strategies to promote integrity and ethical behaviour amongst civil servants to improve the public services. Prepare notes and be prepared to share the findings. Time: 5 mins for preparation and 10 mins for plenary discussion Key Learning Points Capacity enhancement of public institutions—physical, resource base, human resource, role clarity etc. Compliance to rule of law: strong regulative and legal enforcement mechanisms, Promotion of ethical culture: norms, values and standards are set, Development of good personal behaviour— attitudinal (intention) change Key Learning Points Promoting transparency, Reward and punishment, Protection of whistleblower, Minimizing the role of intermediaries, Effective monitoring and evaluation system Adequate infrastructure Things We Need! Organisation: Commitment Clear set of values and standards Communication of values and standards Continuous and consistent actions Moreover, Assess your ethical position Acknowledge that “it starts with me!” Build ethical thinking into daily activities Establish a legend; let it be disseminated Be wiling to pay the price Thought…. Case: District Education Officer Panchthar Work in groups Draw a picture on flip chart to show how he was able to organize.