Download Cellular Respiration (CR

Cellular Respiration
E.Q.: What is the purpose of CR? What types of
organisms undergo cellular respiration? What are the
similarities between respiration between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells (location and names of processes
involved)? How many ATP’s are produced from each
cell type?
--------------------------------------------Define: The process of releasing energy (ATP) from
food (glucose).
Both consumers AND producers need to go through
cellular respiration to turn their food into ATP.
- 1st part happens in the cytoplasm = Glycolysis
- 2nd part happens in the mitochondria when oxygen is
available.
C6H12O6 + O2
H2O + CO2 + heat energy
There are two types of cellular respiration
- Anaerobic = without oxygen
- Aerobic = with oxygen
 Prokaryotic cells do anaerobic only
 Eukaryotic cells do both
 Part 1 for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells:
No matter what type of organism it is, glycolysis
(anaerobic) respiration starts off the process
Glycolysis:
1.
Occurs in the cytoplasm
2.
Does not require oxygen
3.
Glucose is converted into pyruvate
4.
2 ATP are produced = very inefficient.
There is still a lot of energy still stuck inside the
bonds of pyruvate, so…
 Part 2 for Eukaryotic cells only (plants and animals):
Aerobic respiration…following glycolysis
1.
Happens in the mitochondria
2.
Requires oxygen
3.
Pyruvate is converted into ATP
4.
36 ATP = very efficient
Total ATP from one glucose = 38!
 Part 2 for anaerobic cells (bacteria, some yeast,
animals under certain conditions)
Fermentation (anaerobic)…following glycolysis
1.
Happens in the cytoplasm
2.
Does not require oxygen
3.
Creates 2 more ATP
3 types of anaerobic respiration:
1.
Alcoholic fermentation
- Happen in yeast and some plant cells
- Pyruvate is converted into alcohol
- Makes beer, wine, bread
2.
Acetic Acid fermentation
- Happens in bacteria
- Pyruvate is converted into acetic acid (vinegar)
- Used to make many marinades, hot sauces, coffee,
chocolate.
3.
Lactic Acid fermentation
- Happens in animals cells
- When oxygen intake is maximized and cells still
need energy
- Lactic acid is produce = causes cramps.