* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download File
Survey
Document related concepts
Fatty acid metabolism wikipedia , lookup
Mitochondrion wikipedia , lookup
Evolution of metal ions in biological systems wikipedia , lookup
Photosynthesis wikipedia , lookup
Blood sugar level wikipedia , lookup
Phosphorylation wikipedia , lookup
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide wikipedia , lookup
Adenosine triphosphate wikipedia , lookup
Microbial metabolism wikipedia , lookup
Photosynthetic reaction centre wikipedia , lookup
NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (H+-translocating) wikipedia , lookup
Light-dependent reactions wikipedia , lookup
Biochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Electron transport chain wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
slrohwl How CeIIs Haruest Chenicnl Eln'rcv Web/CD Activity 6A Overview of Cellular Respiration illustration in Module 6.8 introduces the three stages of cellular respiration. After rtr-rdying it, see if you can label the diagram below without referring to the text' Include t,l".i.orr-trurrrpori chain and chemiosmosis, pyruvic acid, mitochondrion, Cor, highATP, c,rergy electrons carried by NADH, Krebs cycle, glycolysis, cytoplasmic fluid, are places, gto.or", and NADH and FADHT. (Note: 3,6, and 7 are processes, 8 and 11 I he ,rnd the rest are inputs and outputs.) 10 z cOz 1, ATP Web/CD ActivitY 6B ,3 ATP # J% ,0. AT? 1^$ GlYcolYsis by matching Glycolysis is the first of three steps in cellular respiration. Review glycolysis twice' used pio"ru on the right with a term on the left. Some terms are "u"t, A NADH fi 6 F 4/ Pyruvic acid ATP NAD+ Glucose Glycolysis ADP and P Oxygen Intermediate d t+ e (: -Lt) g A F A 1. Compound formed between glucose and pyruvic acid 2. Not involved in glYcolYsis 3. Fuel molecule broken down in glycolysis 4, Produced by substrate-Ievel phosphorylation 5. Invested to energize glucose molecule at start of process 6. Reduced as glucose is oxidized 7. Glucose converted to two molecules of this 8. Assembled to make ATP 9. "splitting of sugar" tO. Carries hydrogen and electrons from oxidation of glucose 59 E 60 L-hnl;lrr t, Wrb/CD Activity 6C The Krebs Cycle l'1'ruvic acid from glycolysis is chemically altered and then enters the Krebs cycle, a series of stcl'rs that completes the oxidation of glucose. The energy of pyruvic acid is stored in NADH and FADHT. To review these processes, fill in the blanks in the diagram below. (Try to do as many as you can without referring to the text.) Include the following: NAD+, pyruvic acid, CO2, FADH2, NADH, coenzFne A, ATP, and acetyl CoA. NAD' (F-{F. FWI . H+ 4 ,t tr.,l\C OOld 4.. i. i:; 3F-ffiH-l +3H+ , Web/CD Activity 6D AlP Electron Transport and Chemiosmosis Circle the correct words or phrases in parentheses to complete each sentence. rn G,i;',,q drlerpbuilt into th.5 loutrr@o"rnirun" of chain is a sequence of A(electron, i=-.-/-----\ the mitochondrion. Molecules tAD!,&ApflDbring hydrogens and electrons to the "f chemiosmosis). The electrons move along the chain from glycolysis and 7 jkinfromcarriertocarrierinaseriesof redoxreactiqlefinallyjoiningwith8 (HzO,CO2, (3J""a lfrc H+ from the surrounding solutior electrons is used to move protons-10 lrrtssltrc transport) t(@ co2, o). Energyfleasedbx\ l+rT ,oD affi,nolecules)-by 11 (@y, trortsport) @ into the space between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes Tlrc buildup of protons in the intermembrane space-a proton gradient-constithat the cellcan tap to make B@giurose). The-9{(:('rltrirti()r1 of protons tends to drive them back through the membrane into the laKinner trrtcs rr (kit,di46;ifunergy Hozo Cells Haraest Chemicnl Enttrgtl but protons can cross the membrane passingEro"gh special protein complexes, called 75 (coetuy,ne Ot@:y_ ,domparttnent of the mitochondriol,t, cytoplasm of the cell), / onlv_bV As these compJexes allow protons back through the membrane, their enzvmes the enelgy of the moving protons to phospho"rylate 16 rruao,@4g1 -ut " tz lNanU(ArPl Thus, electron transport and chemiosmosis transform 79@Dto*t, o small portion) of the energy extracted from glucose into the phosphate bonds of ATP. thnses). }?#r, Web/CD Activity 6D Electron Transport and Chemiosmosis will help you review electron transport, chemiosmosis, and how poisons disrupt them. In the first diagram, show how the processes work normally. Trace movement of an electron with an orange arrow, movement of H+ ions (active transport and chemiosmosis) with black arrows, and formation of ATP with a pink arrow. In the second diagram, draw arrows showing the movement of electrons and H+ and the formation of ATP, as in the first diagram. Then draw a red line where each poison acts, to show how each of the poisons short-circuits the normal processes. Label the poisons rotenone, cyanide, carbon monoxide, DNP, and oligomycin. These diagrams 1. Normal electron transport and chemiosmosis: srioltt 2. Effects of poisons: 61 I 62 I Chnptar 6 Web/CD Activity 64 Web/CD Activity 6B Web/CD Activity 6C Web/CD Activity 6D Overuiew of Cellular Respiration Glycolysis The Krebs Cycle Electron Transport and Chemiosmosis Check your overall understanding of cellular respiration by matching each of the phrases below with one of the three stages of the process. Use G for glycolysir, K for Krebs cycle, and E for electron transport and chemiosmosis. E- _G_ G 1. J. .t. -(2_ Es. -To. V. :'j j': t ! r. Es. K, E E ( Generates most of the ATP formed by cellular respiration 2. Begins the e. ro. rt. tz. oxidation of glucose Occurs outside the mitochondrion Produces 4 ATPs per glucose by substrate-level phosphorylation, but 2 ATps per glucose are used to get it started Oxidizes NADH and FADH2, producing NAD+ and FAD Carried out by enzymes in the matrix (fluid) of the mitochondrion Here electrons and hydrogen combine with O, to form HrO Occurs along the inner mitochondrial membrane Generates most of the CO, produced by cellular respiration FADH2 and NADH deliver hydrogen ions and electrons to this stage ATP synthase makes ATP Reduces NAD+and FAD, producing NADH and FADH, Web/CD Activity 6E Fermentotion Review fermentation by filling in the blanks below.