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Chapter 12 DNA Notes
Section 12.2 Structure of DNA
Section 12.3 DNA Replication
Section 12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes
Section 12.2 Structure of DNA
DNA is a molecular structure containing the info that a cell needs to carry out all of its functions. In a
way, __________________________________________________________ .
DNA is a nucleic acid macromolecule made of nucleotides joined into long strands by covalent bonds.
It is located in the ___________________________________________________ cells and the
___________________________________________________ cells.
Key
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
4 Bases
Compliments
+____________________
Bonds
________________________________________
________________________________________
DNA structure is a double helix. The two strands of the double helix run _______________________
(_________________________________).
Scientists involved in solving DNA structure: ____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
Section 12.3 DNA Replication
Section 12.2 Summary
-DNA Structure
-Scientists Involved
Before a cell divides, it duplicates its DNA in a copying process titled
_____________________________________ . This process ensures each resulting cell has same
complete set of DNA molecules.
Replication Process – DNA serves as ________________________________________ .
4 Parts to DNA Replication
1. ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
Replication Fork
___________________________________________________________________________________
Prokaryotic Replication
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
Eukaryotic Replication
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
Section 12.3 Summary
-DNA Replication
-Replication Fork
-Pro Vs. Euk
Section 12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes
Bacterial Transformation – allowed scientists to discover DNA was responsible for carrying traits from
one generation to the next. (Remember, Mendel didn’t know about DNA – just traits)
Bacterial Transformation – one type of bacteria changed permanently into another
Frederick Griffith transformed bacteria and Oswald Avery discovered the DNA in bacteria in the
mice/pneumonia experiments was responsible for genes/traits.
Hershey and Chase experiment showed DNA was in ALL living organisms (they studied viruses).
Role of DNA in Heredity
DNA that makes up genes must be ______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________ .
Just like your iPod! – stores, copies, and plays/transmits music.
Section 12.1 Summary
-Bacterial Transformation
-Bacteriophage
-Role of DNA in heredity
Chapter 12 DNA
Section 12.2 Structure of DNA
Section 12.3 DNA Replication
Section 12.1 Substance of Genes