Download adjusting the conditions inside when the outside conditions change

Chapter 5b Packet- Respiration and Photosynthesis
Activities/Schedule
 0 Quizlet/ Foldable
 1 Respiration Coloring Diagram, p. 1
 2 The Powerhouse of the Cell, p 2
 3 Where Do You Get Your Energy From?, p. 2
Vocabulary Words
Aerobic
Alcoholic
Fermentation
Anaerobic
ATP
Bacteria/yeast
Cell Respiration
chloroplast
CO2
Cytoplasm
Electron transport
chain
FADH2
Glucose
Name _________________
Date________ Period ____
4 Reading Guide, p. 2-3
5 & 6 Notes/7 Review , p.3-4
8 Extra Practice (review), p. 4-5/ 8a & 8b Vid
9 Crossword, p. 6




Glycolysis
H2O
Inner membrane
Krebs Cycle
Lactic Acid
Fermentation
Matrix
Mitochondrion
Muscle/bacteria
NADH
O2
Photosynthesis
Test Study Guide (____________)
1. Be able to write the formula for cellular respiration and what reactions the products come from.
2. Be able to label a diagram of the mitochondrion and show where the various processes take place.
3. Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
4. Name the three steps of aerobic cellular respiration and list their products.
5. What happens during the process of glycolysis?
1. Color/Label the Mitochondrion orange and write in box A
2. Color/ Label the 3 steps of Aerobic respiration in blue
6. What determines what happens after glycolysis?
1. Glycolysis
7. List the products of the Krebs cycle.
7. Krebs Cycle
11. Electron transport chain
8. Briefly explain the electron transport chain reaction in the mitochondria
3. In brown, write in the following molecules
2. Glucose
and where it takes place. What fuels the electron transport chain?
3. Pyruvate
9. What is the role of NADH? FADH2? ATP?
4. In yellow, color/label the cytoplasm in box B
5. Color the arrows yellow and label in black
10. Name the two types of anaerobic respiration; give an example of an
4. NADH
organism that uses this process, and the products of the process
8. NADH/FADH2
6. In green, write the following molecules
11. How does respiration differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
6. CO2
12. Describe the relationship between photosynthesis and cell respiration.
10. CO2
7. In purple, write the following molecule
13. What organisms perform photosynthesis? What organisms perform
12. O2
13. H2O
respiration?
8. In red, write the following molecules
5. 2 ATP
9. 2 ATP
14. 32 ATP Then color the 3 stars red!
9. Write Aerobic Cell Respiration at the top of the diagram
1 Respiration Coloring Diagram
4.
8.
12.
A.
1.
7.
2.
11.
3.
B.
6.
5.
10.
9.
13.
14.
2
The Powerhouse of the Cell
1. What are the differences in the muscles of a sprinter and a marathon runner? ____________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. How would you explain that skin cells have a lot fewer mitochondria than muscle cells? ___________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. If you looked at heart cells, would you expect to see a lot of mitochondria or only a few? Why? _______
____________________________________________________________________________________
3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Where do you get your Energy?
Cells extract energy from ___________ to make ____________.
List the 4 major players . ______________________________
Process of making energy happens in the __________________.
Energy is released from __________ to make ____________.
Energy to make sugar comes from the _________.
Plants use the _______energy to split ______ into __ and __.
These combine with _____ ___________ found in the ______ to make sugar.
____________ is also released into the air.
The _______ stored in plants provide _____________________________
This is broken down to produce _______.
_____________ in the ____________ drives the breakdown of sugar.
________________ and ___________ are released in this process.
This process happens repeatedly since cells need _____________.
4 Ch. 5b Reading Guide, use pages 104-110
Pg. 104 1. In order for our body to use energy from the food we eat, it has to be converted to the molecule _ _ _.
2. If oxygen is present (needed), the process is called ____________________.
3. If oxygen is not present (not needed), the process is called ____________________.
4. Write out the equation for Cell Respiration below (both the chemical formula and words).
__________ + ____________
______ + ________ + ________
(
) (
)
(
) (
) (
)
5. Whether or not oxygen is present, a molecule of ___________ is required for respiration.
6.
2 Stages
of
NAD +
ADP
Respiration
Stage 1
No 02
Ethanol and CO2
or lactic acid
02
Stage 2
ATP
7. In stage 1, glucose is converted to Pyruvate and a small amount of ________ and _______is made.
8. In stage 2, a large amount of ATP is made if __________________ is present.
9. If oxygen is present, it is called ________________ ___________________.
10. Where does this process occur in eukaryotic cells? ___________________
11. Where does this process occur in prokaryotic cells? ___________________
12. If oxygen is not present, either ____________________ or ______________ and ________ are made.
Pg. 105 13. The main fuel for respiration is ______________, which is formed from the breakdown of carbohydrates like
____________ and ______________.
14. Proteins, nucleic acids, and fats can also be used if carbohydrates are not available. In fact, one gram of fat
contains more energy than _________ grams of carbohydrates.
15. The first stage of cellular respiration is called __________________.
16. In this stage ______________ is broken down in the cytoplasm
17. In this stage ___ ATP molecules are used, but ___ ATP are made which is a net gain of ___ ATP.
Pg. 106 18. If oxygen is present the three steps of Aerobic respiration are:
Mitochondrion
1. Glycolysis
Cytoplasm
Outer
Membrane
Matrix
2. _______ _______
Inner
Membrane
3. __________ ___________ ___________
Pg. 107 19. Two electron carriers __ __ __ __ and __ __ __ __ 2 are made in the Krebs cycle. These electron carriers store
as much ______ as glucose and Pyruvate.
20. The electron carriers, __ __ __ __ and __ __ __ __ 2, move from the Krebs cycle to the Electron Transport Chain, the
third step of aerobic respiration.
21. Where does the Electron Transport Chain occur? ______________________
22. Along with ATP, oxygen is converted to ______ in the Electron Transport Chain.
Pg. 108 23. Why does the Electron Chain not work if no oxygen is there? _____________________________________
24. The recycling of NAD + when oxygen is not present is called _________________________.
25. List two types of fermentation. _____________________ and _____________________________
26. When you exercise really hard, lactate is made in your muscle cells due to small amounts of ________.
27. Fermentation allows glycolysis (first step of respiration) to keep making _______ in muscles.
28. Blood removes lactate from muscles; if it builds up lactate can cause _____________ in muscles.
Pg. 109 29. A yeast cell is a type of ____________; it uses _________ _____________ when making food/drinks.
Pg. 110 30. How many ATP molecules are made in Glycolysis? ___ Krebs Cycle?___Electron Transport chain? ___
5 Cellular Respiration NOTES:
Respiration: breathing
Cellular respiration: The process of getting ATP from food
□ With oxygen- aerobic
□ Without oxygen- anaerobic
Overall Equation of Cell Respiration:
C6H12O6 +
O2

CO2
+
(Glucose)
(Oxygen)
(carbon dioxide)
H2O + ATP
(water) (Energy)
Aerobic respiration captures 38% of energy from 1 molecule of glucose
The Mitochondrion 3. ETC
Outer
membrane
Cytoplasm
1. Glycolysis
2. Krebs Cycle
Matrix
Inner
Three Steps to Aerobic Respiration
membrane
1. Glycolysis- 1 molecule of glucose is converted to pyruvate (2NADH and 2 ATP made)
2. Krebs Cycle- Pyruvate is converted to many NADH and FADH2 (electron carriers- potential energy molecules),
CO2 and 2 ATP made here as well
3. Electron Transport Chain- NADH and FADH2 travel to the inner membrane and convert energy from electrons
to 32-34 ATP; O2 is converted to H2O as the last electron acceptor
7 (review)
Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Respiration
1Glucose
1) Glycolysis
2 ATP
2 Pyruvate
Aerobic
2 NADH
Anaerobic
Is oxygen present?
Yes
2. Krebs
Cycle
3. The Electron
Transport Chain
No
4 CO2
2. Fermentation
2 ATP
6 NADH
2 FADH2
2 types
Lactic Acid
Alcoholic
OR
H2O
32 ATP
Lactate (lactic acid)
36 ATP
Alcohol
CO2
2 ATP
Prokaryotic Aerobic Respiration vs. Eukaryotic Aerobic Respiration
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
- no nucleus
- has a nucleus
- no membrane bound organelles
- has organelles
(no special compartments)
So where does aerobic respiration occur?
In Prokaryotes
In Eukaryotes
In cell membrane
in mitochondrion
(nothing needs to be transported,
(NADH has to be transported from
So there are 2 extra ATP)
the cytoplasm into the mito. 2 less ATP)
2 ATP-Glycolysis
2 ATP-Glycolysis
2 ATP- Krebs Cycle
2 ATP- Krebs Cycle
34 ATP - ETC
32 ATP - ETC
38 ATP Total
36- ATP Total
6 Anaerobic Respiration (makes a total of 2 ATP – uses 2% of the energy from glucose)
Oxygen is not present
After glycolysis, fermentation will occur
Fermentation- is to recharge NAD + so that it can be sent back to glycolysis to make more NADH and ATP
2 Types of Fermentation
□ Alcoholic Fermentation
□ Lactic Acid Fermentation
Alcoholic Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation
□ In yeast and bacteria cells
□ In animal cells (muscle) and bacteria
□ Alcohol and Carbon dioxide is made
□ Lactate (lactic acid) is produced as a by product
□ Alcohol is toxic cells
□ Causes muscle soreness in cells; removed by the liver
□ Used to make bread, wine, and other foods
□ Bacteria make lactic acid which helps to make cheese,
yogurt and sour cream
8 Cell Respiration Extra Practice
1. Write out the overall equation of cell respiration. ________ + ________  _______ + _______ + _______
2. What organelle does cell respiration occur in? _____________________
3. What is the energy source that goes into cellular respiration? _____________________
4. What energy molecule is made at the end of cellular respiration? _________________
5. If oxygen is present respiration is called __________. 6. If oxygen is not present respiration is called ______________.
7. List the three steps of aerobic cellular respiration is the correct order.
1) _____________________ 2) _____________________3) _____________________
8. Where does glycolysis occur? (be specific) ______________ 9. Where does the Krebs Cycle occur? (be specific) ________
10. Where does the Electron Transport Chain occur? (be specific) _____________________
11. Pyruvate is made in glycolysis and is shipped to the ___________________ for the Krebs cycle.
12. _________ (waste) is the gas made in the Krebs cycle that we exhale when we breathe.
13. ____________ and _____________are two potential energy molecules made in Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle and
then shipped to the ____________________________ to make more ATP.
14. How many ATP are made in glycolysis? ______in the Krebs cycle? ____Electron Transport Chain? ____
15. How many total ATP are made in aerobic respiration? ____This is _________ of the energy from glucose.
16. If __________ is not present then anaerobic respiration will occur.
17. List the two steps of anaerobic respiration. 1) _____________________ 2) ____________________
18. The first step of anaerobic respiration is ______________________ makes ____ ATP.
19. There are two types of __________________________ (the second step of anaerobic respiration):
1) ________________________________ and 2) __________________________________.
20. In ___________________ fermentation bacteria and yeast cells produce carbon dioxide and ____________.
21. In ___________________ fermentation muscle cells and bacteria cells produce __________ _________.
22. How many total ATP are made in anaerobic respiration? _______
23. This is _________ of the energy from glucose.
8a
Comparison of Photosynthesis and Respiration
8b
24. What is the relationship between the two
reactions? ________________________________
25. What kind of organisms perform
photosynthesis? _________________
in what organelle?______________
26. What kind of organisms perform cell
respiration? _________________
in what organelle? ______________
27. What is the initial energy source of
photosynthesis? ____________________
28. What two high energy molecules are made in
the light reactions of photosynthesis? __________
29. What molecule is made in the dark reactions of
photosynthesis? ___________
30. In respiration what energy molecule from
photosynthesis starts the reaction? ___
31. In photosynthesis, the gas __________ is taken
in and the gas ________ is given off.
32. In cell respiration, the gas __________ is
taken in and the gas ________ is given off
SOL Questions: 33. Which is required by all living things? a. Mobility b. energy c. oxygen d. carbon dioxide
34. Which of these processes is carried out in the same way in both plants and animals?
a. Cellular respiration
b. asexual reproduction
c. circulation of body fluids
d. excretion of wastes
35. The graph below shows how dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide levels changed in aa pond over a 24-hour period. What
caused the decrease in oxygen concentration during the night?
a. increased evaporation
b. increased respiration
c. decreased temperatures d. decreased photosynthesis
36.
9 Cellular Respiration
Across
1. Part of cell where anaerobic respiration takes
place
Down
2. Respiration not requiring oxygen
3. Process occurring in mitochondria, produces
32 ATP and releases H2O (abbrev.)
4. Byproduct of alcoholic fermentation
valued by bakers
8. Total number of ATP molecules produced by
anaerobic respiration
5. Where lactic acid fermentation takes place
9. Cycle in mitochondria producing 2 ATP and
releasing CO2
7. Organelles where aerobic respiration takes
place
12. Fermentation used in baking and brewing
industries
10. Respiration requiring oxygen
14. Another name for anaerobic respiration
11. Kinds of cells that use glucose for
energy
15. Energy of glucose is changed into energy of
ATP
13. Type of fermentation occurring in
muscles
6. Initial step in respiration