Download Applications and skills

In August 2015, all Grade 11 IB DP Biology students (HL&SL) will start the year by
studying a unit on Cell Biology. This Summer Learning Pack includes resources that will
get you ready to gain some of the understandings and skills necessary to complete the
Cell Biology unit successfully
Go through the learning resources that follow, and address the inquiry questions
written at the top of each page. Pay attention to the understandings, applications and
skills that have been cut and pasted from the IB DP Biology syllabus.
You are not required to turn in any notes or written answers to the inquiry questions.
But you must arrive to your first IB DP Biology classes in August 2015 being familiar
with the understandings, skills and applications included in this Summer Learning Pack.
If you are stuck, check out the IB DP Biology websites on the last page
What is Cell Theory?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OpBylwH9DU
Understandings
• According to cell theory, all living organisms are composed of cells
• Organisms consisting of only one cell carry out all functions of life in that cell
• Cells can only be formed by division of pre-existing cells
Why does surface area: volume ratio limit the size of a cell?
http://www.brown.edu/Courses/BI0020_Miller/week/10/web-1/4-2-2007_10-2026/Chapter_41/Present/Animations/41_A01/41_A01s.html
Understandings
• Surface area to volume ratio is important in the limitation of cell size
What is a stem cell? Why are stem cells unusual?
http://www.ns.umich.edu/stemcells/C_030206.html
http://www.ns.umich.edu/stemcells/022706_TabA.html
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/tech/stemcells/scintro/
Understandings
• Specialized tissues can develop by cell differentiation in multicellular organisms
• Differentiation involves the expression of some genes and not others in a cell’s
genome
• The capacity of stem cells to divide and differentiate along different pathways is
necessary in embryonic development and also makes stem cells suitable for
therapeutic uses
How big is a bacterium?
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/cells/scale
What is the structure of a prokaryotic cell?
http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/bactcell.htm
http://www.classzone.com/books/hs/ca/sc/bio_07/animated_biology/bio_ch05_014
9_ab_fission.html
http://www.ryancshaw.com/Files/micro/Animations/BacterialGrowth/micro_bacteri
al_growth.swf
www.abpischools.org.uk/page/modules/infectiousdiseases_pathogens/pathogens2.c
fm?coSiteNavigation_allTopic=1
Understandings
• Prokaryotes have a simple cell structure without compartmentalization
Applications and skills
• Application: Prokaryotes divide by binary fission
• Skill: Drawing of the ultrastructure of prokaryotic cells based on electron
micrographs
What is the structure of a eukaryotic cell?
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/cells/insideacell
http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm
Understandings
• Eukaryotes have a compartmentalized cell structure
Applications and skills
• Application: Structure and function of organelles within exocrine gland cells of the
pancreas and within palisade mesophyll cells of the leaf
• Skill: Drawing of the ultrastructure of eukaryotic cells based on electron micrographs
What is the structure of a cell membrane?
http://www.susanahalpine.com/anim/Life/memb.htm
Understandings
• Phospholipids form bilayers in water due to the amphipathic properties of
phospholipid molecules
• Cholesterol is a component of animal cell membranes
Applications and skills
• Skill: Drawing of the fluid mosaic model
How do small molecules move in and out of cells?
http://www.abpischools.org.uk/res/coResourceImport/modules/homeostasis_kidney
s/fullscreenflash3-1.cfm
http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072507470/student_view0/chapter3/animation__how_facilitated_dif
fusion_works.html
http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072507470/student_view0/chapter3/animation__how_the_sodium_
potassium_pump_works.html
Understandings
• Particles move across membranes by simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis
and active transport
Applications and skills
• Application: Structure and function of sodium–potassium pumps for active transport
and potassium channels for facilitated diffusion in axons
How do large molecules move in and out of cells?
http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/12006
8/bio02.swf::Endocytosis%20and%20Exocytosis
http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/cellstructures/phagocitosis.swf
http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072507470/student_view0/chapter3/animation__phagocytosis.html
Understandings
• The fluidity of membranes allows materials to be taken into cells by endocytosis or
released by exocytosis. Vesicles move materials within cells
How do eukaryotic cells replicate?
http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072507470/student_view0/chapter3/animation__how_the_cell_cycle_w
orks.html
http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm
http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/mitosis/movie-flash.htm
Understandings:
• Mitosis is division of the nucleus into two genetically identical daughter nuclei
• Cytokinesis occurs after mitosis and is different in plant and animal cells
• Interphase is a very active phase of the cell cycle with many processes occurring in
the nucleus and cytoplasm
Applications and skills:
• Skill: Identification of phases of mitosis in cells viewed with a microscope or in a
micrograph
Here are some IB DP Biology websites that provides lots of
useful background material
http://i-biology.net/
http://click4biology.info/index.htm
http://ibguides.com/biology/home
http://www.ib.bioninja.com.au