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Ancient Romans Early People of Italy Rome Legends tell that in 753 B.C. the Latin people founded a village that became the city of ________. Rome The Italic-language speakers migrated from across the Alps from central Europe in about 1000 B.C.E. They spoke __________________. Latin The Italian Peninsula The city of Rome was built in an area on a hills group of seven ________ with fertile soil and a good location for trade. The Tiber _______________, River near the center of the Italian Peninsula, provided a route to the Mediterranean Sea and to other civilizations. People From The North Etruscans lived in the northeastern part of The _______________ the Italian Peninsula. In time, the Etruscans became the dominant culture on the Italian Peninsula. They traded with the __________ Greeks and adopted their alphabet as well as other features. The Etruscans Their city-states had the same system of government and shared a common purpose. Etruscan Control • The governments formed a _________________, confederation which is a group of governments joined together for a common purpose. They army built a strong ________ which enabled them to control neighboring peoples, including Rome. Etruscan Control Etruscan kings ruled Rome for over 100 years. In ancient times, swastikas were a symbol of good luck A New Form of Government • In 509 B.C.E. the Romans rebelled against Republic the Etruscans and formed a _______________. Elected Leaders • They elected leaders called consuls __________ to represent them in an assembly, to make laws, to run the army, and to run the government. They shared power, but veto or either could _______, reject, the actions of the other. In an Emergency • If Rome experienced an emergency, one ruler could be given complete power for six months. Everyone had to follow the orders of dictator the _________________. The Senate Senate was Rome’s most powerful • The ____________ governing body. Members of the Senate served for life. Its first members were ________________, patricians or wealthy descendants of Rome’s first settlers. The Common People The patricians controlled the government while the _______________, or common people plebeians had little say. Angry about their lack of representation, in 471 B.C.E. the common people refused to work. The Plebeian Assembly Without workers to farm, make and sell goods, and protect the city and its inhabitants, the people of Rome faced eventual starvation and danger from enemy attacks. They set up an assembly and elected leaders called tribunes ____________. Tribal Assembly Tribal assembly represented all Roman • The ____________________ citizens. Roman Society • A Roman’s position in society was based on family _________ wealth and __________. history Head of Household • In all Roman social classes, men were the heads of households. However, women did help in decision making in their own homes. Women did take an active role in society, but were not allowed to participate in government. The Upper Class • The upper class (PATRICIANS) included important government officials. SPQR - an initialism from a Latin phrase, Senatus Populusque Romanus ("The Senate and the People of Rome" or "The Senate and Roman People"), referring to the government of the ancient Roman Republic, and used as an official signature of the government The Lower-Class The Roman lower class (PLEBEIANS) was made up of all other citizens. They included craft workers, farmers, foot soldiers, and merchants. They lived in apartment-like homes. The Bottom Class SLAVES were at the bottom of Roman society. They were not citizens and had little protection under the laws. Finis