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VCE Biology Units 1 and 2: 2016–2020; Units 3 and 4: 2017–2021 VCE Biology: Sample teaching plan Sample Course Outline – VCE Biology Unit 2: How is continuity of life maintained? Note: This is a sample guide only and indicates one way to present the content from the VCE Biology Study Design over the weeks in each school term. Teachers are advised to consider their own contexts in developing learning activities: Which local fieldwork sites would support learning in the topic area? Which local issues lend themselves to debate and investigation? Which experiments can students complete within the resource limitations of their learning environments? Week Area 1 2 3 4 7 8 9 10 12 13 Learning activities Cell cycle (derivation of cells from pre-existing cells; binary fission in prokaryotic cells; key events in the various stages of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells) Experiment: mitosis in garlic tissue Activity: comparison of binary fission and mitosis Experiment: asexual reproduction (set up in one class, then regular data collection over a few weeks) Experiment: plant tissue culture (for example, students may choose African violet, carnation, cauliflower or rose) Simulations: mitosis; meiosis including crossing over and non-disjunction Comparative table of asexual and sexual reproduction Asexual and sexual reproduction (nature of a unique genetic How does identity; types of asexual reproduction; biological advantages and reproduction disadvantages of asexual reproduction; emerging issues associated maintain the with cloning; key events in meiosis including crossing over and noncontinuity of disjunction; biological advantage of sexual reproduction) life? 5 6 11 Topics How is inheritance explained? 14 © VCAA 2016 Cell growth and differentiation (types and functions of stem cells in human development; difference between embryonic and adult stem cells; consequences of stem cell differentiation; cancer; abnormal embryonic development) Genomes, genes, alleles and chromosomes (distinction between chromosome, genome, gene, allele; uniqueness of individual genomes measured at base pair level; role of genomic research; role of chromosomes; chromosome variability; autosomes and sex chromosomes; nature of homologous pairs; gene loci; creation and use of karyotypes) Genotypes and phenotypes, pedigree charts, genetic cross outcomes and genetic decision-making (symbols used in assigning genotypes; dominant and recessive phenotypes; the influence of genes, environmental factors and epigenetic factors on phenotype; polygenic inheritance leading to continuous variation using height or skin colour in humans as examples) Student investigation: set up a web dilemma that includes social, ethical and economic implications Media analysis: genomic research Chromosome analysis: students create karyotypes using provided chromosomes related to Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome), Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome), Trisomy 21 (Down’s syndrome), genotype 47, XXY (Klinefelter syndrome) or genotype 45, X (Turner syndrome) Pedigree analysis and genetic cross exercises Simulation activity: marshmallow meiosis (baby reebops) Experiment: Is a ‘sweet tooth’ inherited? Simulation: ‘toothpick’ fish survival Bioinformatics activity: researching genetic disorders using BLAST VCE Biology Units 1 and 2: 2016–2020; Units 3 and 4: 2017–2021 15 16 17 SAMPLE TEACHING PLAN Students register an individual research question (development of a research question and determination of aims; purpose of communication and Investigation target audience; characteristics of effective science communication; investigation methodology, primary and/or secondary sources of information of an issue including surveys, interviews; undertaking of investigation; analysis and evaluation of data and methods; limitations of conclusions; development of effective communication) 18 19 © VCAA 2016 Unit revision Page 2